@article{Thomann2018-10Neces-52367,
  year={2018},
  doi={10.1093/jopart/muy024},
  title={The Necessity of Discretion : A Behavioral Evaluation of Bottom-Up Implementation Theory},
  number={4},
  volume={28},
  issn={1053-1858},
  journal={Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory},
  pages={583--601},
  author={Thomann, Eva and van Engen, Nadine and Tummers, Lars}
}

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    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">The topic of discretion continues to be hotly debated in policy design and policy implementation. In top-down theories, discretion at the frontline is often seen as a control problem: discretion should be avoided as it can mean that the policy is not implemented as intended. Conversely, bottom-up theories state that discretion can help policy implementers tailor a policy to specific circumstances. However, there has been little systematic research into how the experience of having discretion motivates frontline workers to implement a policy. We conceptualize and evaluate this relationship by combining public administration and motivation literature, using datasets in healthcare and education and large-N set-theoretic configurational analysis. Results robustly show that experiencing discretion is a quasi-necessary condition and, hence, a prerequisite for high implementation willingness. This finding is more in line with bottom-up than with top-down theories. Policy implementers crucially need the freedom to adapt the program to local conditions for being motivated to implement a policy. The evidence encourages scholars and practitioners to move from the question whether frontline workers should be granted discretion to how to best make use of frontline workers’ discretion instead.</dcterms:abstract>
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    <dc:creator>van Engen, Nadine</dc:creator>
    <dc:date rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2021-01-12T14:38:30Z</dc:date>
    <dc:contributor>Tummers, Lars</dc:contributor>
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    <dcterms:title>The Necessity of Discretion : A Behavioral Evaluation of Bottom-Up Implementation Theory</dcterms:title>
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    <dc:rights>Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International</dc:rights>
    <dc:creator>Thomann, Eva</dc:creator>
    <dc:creator>Tummers, Lars</dc:creator>
    <dc:contributor>van Engen, Nadine</dc:contributor>
    <dc:contributor>Thomann, Eva</dc:contributor>
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