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Recall bias of students' affective experiences in adolescence : The role of personality and internalizing behavior

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2023

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Schmidt, Philipp
Zurbriggen, Carmen L. A.

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Journal of Adolescence. Wiley. 2023, 95(5), pp. 893-906. ISSN 0140-1971. eISSN 1095-9254. Available under: doi: 10.1002/jad.12162

Zusammenfassung

Introduction Adolescence is characterized by multiple biopsychosocial changes, associated with a high intraindividual variability of emotional experiences. Previous findings suggest that this intraindividual variability is reflected in a recall bias of adolescents' emotion reports. However, corresponding findings are scarce and inconclusive. Studies on predictors of recall bias in adulthood indicate that personality traits, especially neuroticism and extraversion, as well as specific internalizing disorders might affect recall bias of emotion reports.

Methods The sample consists of 118 Swiss adolescent students in grade 8 and 9 (Mage = 15.15, SDage = 0.89). The students' momentary affective experience was recorded using smartphones over seven consecutive days in situ at 42 randomly generated occasions (six per day), with a total of 1059 protocols on current events. At the end of the experience-sampling phase, students filled out an online questionnaire, providing information about their personality and typical behavior as well as their retrospective affective experience. In addition, the students' behavior was evaluated by their teachers. We applied two-level structural equation modeling with latent difference variables.

Results Adolescents high in extraversion showed retrospective overestimation of positive affective experiences and underestimation of negative affective experiences. Adolescents with high neuroticism tended to overestimate negative affect retrospectively, showing no significant effects for positive affect. However, internalizing behavior did not predict a negative recall bias in adolescents' affective experience.

Conclusions Retrospective self-reports about adolescents' affective experience are biased by relatively stable individual factors, whereas less stable individual factors did not seem to have any influence.

Zusammenfassung in einer weiteren Sprache

Fachgebiet (DDC)
150 Psychologie

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adolescence, affect, emotion, individual beliefs, latent difference model, recall bias

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ISO 690SCHMIDT, Philipp, David JENDRYCZKO, Carmen L. A. ZURBRIGGEN, Fridtjof W. NUSSBECK, 2023. Recall bias of students' affective experiences in adolescence : The role of personality and internalizing behavior. In: Journal of Adolescence. Wiley. 2023, 95(5), pp. 893-906. ISSN 0140-1971. eISSN 1095-9254. Available under: doi: 10.1002/jad.12162
BibTex
@article{Schmidt2023-03-21Recal-66546,
  year={2023},
  doi={10.1002/jad.12162},
  title={Recall bias of students' affective experiences in adolescence : The role of personality and internalizing behavior},
  number={5},
  volume={95},
  issn={0140-1971},
  journal={Journal of Adolescence},
  pages={893--906},
  author={Schmidt, Philipp and Jendryczko, David and Zurbriggen, Carmen L. A. and Nussbeck, Fridtjof W.}
}
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Adolescence is characterized by multiple biopsychosocial changes, associated with a high intraindividual variability of emotional experiences. Previous findings suggest that this intraindividual variability is reflected in a recall bias of adolescents' emotion reports. However, corresponding findings are scarce and inconclusive. Studies on predictors of recall bias in adulthood indicate that personality traits, especially neuroticism and extraversion, as well as specific internalizing disorders might affect recall bias of emotion reports.

Methods
The sample consists of 118 Swiss adolescent students in grade 8 and 9 (Mage = 15.15, SDage = 0.89). The students' momentary affective experience was recorded using smartphones over seven consecutive days in situ at 42 randomly generated occasions (six per day), with a total of 1059 protocols on current events. At the end of the experience-sampling phase, students filled out an online questionnaire, providing information about their personality and typical behavior as well as their retrospective affective experience. In addition, the students' behavior was evaluated by their teachers. We applied two-level structural equation modeling with latent difference variables.

Results
Adolescents high in extraversion showed retrospective overestimation of positive affective experiences and underestimation of negative affective experiences. Adolescents with high neuroticism tended to overestimate negative affect retrospectively, showing no significant effects for positive affect. However, internalizing behavior did not predict a negative recall bias in adolescents' affective experience.

Conclusions
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