Metacognition in Action : The Importance of Implementation Intentions

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1998
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Personality and Social Psychology Review ; 2 (1998), 2. - pp. 124-136
Abstract
When people furnish their goal intentions ("I intend to attain the goal x!") with implementation intentions ("I will initiate the goal-directed response y when situation z arises!"), the initiation of goal-directed responses becomes automatized. As this type of automaticity stems from a single act of will, it is referred to as strategie automaticity. We report various studies demonstrating that strategie automaticity leads to immediate and efficient responding, which does not need a conscious intent. In addition, the situational cues specified in implementation intentions seem to be easily detected and readily attended to. Further research indicates that the strategie automaticity induced by implementation intentions also helps resist temptations and fight bad habits. Following Nelson's (1996; Nelson & Narens, 1994) model of metacognition, we suggest that goal intentions and, in particular, implementation intentions are important components of the metacognitive control of action geared toward its initiation, continuation, and termination.
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150 Psychology
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ISO 690GOLLWITZER, Peter M., Bernd SCHAAL, 1998. Metacognition in Action : The Importance of Implementation Intentions. In: Personality and Social Psychology Review. 2(2), pp. 124-136. Available under: doi: 10.1207/s15327957pspr0202_5
BibTex
@article{Gollwitzer1998Metac-10471,
  year={1998},
  doi={10.1207/s15327957pspr0202_5},
  title={Metacognition in Action : The Importance of Implementation Intentions},
  number={2},
  volume={2},
  journal={Personality and Social Psychology Review},
  pages={124--136},
  author={Gollwitzer, Peter M. and Schaal, Bernd}
}
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