@article{Lu2021-02-03Water-53227,
  year={2021},
  doi={10.1021/jacs.0c11976},
  title={Role of Water in CaCO<sub>3</sub> Biomineralization},
  number={4},
  volume={143},
  issn={0002-7863},
  journal={Journal of the American Chemical Society},
  pages={1758--1762},
  author={Lu, Hao and Huang, Yu-Chieh and Hunger, Johannes and Gebauer, Denis and Cölfen, Helmut and Bonn, Mischa}
}

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    <dc:contributor>Bonn, Mischa</dc:contributor>
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    <dc:contributor>Gebauer, Denis</dc:contributor>
    <dc:creator>Huang, Yu-Chieh</dc:creator>
    <dc:creator>Bonn, Mischa</dc:creator>
    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">Biomineralization occurs in aqueous environments. Despite the ubiquity and relevance of CaCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; biomineralization, the role of water in the biomineralization process has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate that water reorganization accompanies CaCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; biomineralization for sea urchin spine generation in a model system. Using surface-specific vibrational spectroscopy, we probe the water at the interface of the spine-associated protein during CaCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; mineralization. Our results show that, while the protein structure remains unchanged, the structure of interfacial water is perturbed differently in the presence of both Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; and CO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2–&lt;/sup&gt; compared to the addition of only Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;. This difference is attributed to the condensation of prenucleation mineral species. Our findings are consistent with a nonclassical mineralization pathway for sea urchin spine generation and highlight the importance of protein hydration in biomineralization.</dcterms:abstract>
    <dc:contributor>Cölfen, Helmut</dc:contributor>
    <dc:contributor>Lu, Hao</dc:contributor>
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    <dcterms:title>Role of Water in CaCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; Biomineralization</dcterms:title>
    <dc:creator>Gebauer, Denis</dc:creator>
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    <dc:contributor>Hunger, Johannes</dc:contributor>
    <dc:contributor>Huang, Yu-Chieh</dc:contributor>
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    <dc:rights>Attribution 4.0 International</dc:rights>
    <dc:creator>Cölfen, Helmut</dc:creator>
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    <dc:creator>Hunger, Johannes</dc:creator>
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    <dc:creator>Lu, Hao</dc:creator>
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