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Bilingualism is a long-term cognitively challenging experience that modulates metabolite concentrations in the healthy brain

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2021

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Pliatsikas, Christos
Voits, Toms
DeLuca, Vincent
Rothman, Jason

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Scientific Reports. Springer Nature. 2021, 11, 7090. eISSN 2045-2322. Available under: doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-86443-4

Zusammenfassung

Cognitively demanding experiences, including complex skill acquisition and processing, have been shown to induce brain adaptations, at least at the macroscopic level, e.g. on brain volume and/or functional connectivity. However, the neurobiological bases of these adaptations, including at the cellular level, are unclear and understudied. Here we use bilingualism as a case study to investigate the metabolic correlates of experience-based brain adaptations. We employ Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to measure metabolite concentrations in the basal ganglia, a region critical to language control which is reshaped by bilingualism. Our results show increased myo-Inositol and decreased N-acetyl aspartate concentrations in bilinguals compared to monolinguals. Both metabolites are linked to synaptic pruning, a process underlying experience-based brain restructuring. Interestingly, both concentrations correlate with relative amount of bilingual engagement. This suggests that degree of long-term cognitive experiences matters at the level of metabolic concentrations, which might accompany, if not drive, macroscopic brain adaptations.

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400 Sprachwissenschaft, Linguistik

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ISO 690PLIATSIKAS, Christos, Sergio Miguel PEREIRA SOARES, Toms VOITS, Vincent DELUCA, Jason ROTHMAN, 2021. Bilingualism is a long-term cognitively challenging experience that modulates metabolite concentrations in the healthy brain. In: Scientific Reports. Springer Nature. 2021, 11, 7090. eISSN 2045-2322. Available under: doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-86443-4
BibTex
@article{Pliatsikas2021-03-29Bilin-53756,
  year={2021},
  doi={10.1038/s41598-021-86443-4},
  title={Bilingualism is a long-term cognitively challenging experience that modulates metabolite concentrations in the healthy brain},
  volume={11},
  journal={Scientific Reports},
  author={Pliatsikas, Christos and Pereira Soares, Sergio Miguel and Voits, Toms and DeLuca, Vincent and Rothman, Jason},
  note={Article Number: 7090}
}
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