@article{Schwenk2010-06-15Dualt-55596,
  year={2010},
  doi={10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181e39696},
  title={Dual-task performances can be improved in patients with dementia : A randomized controlled trial},
  number={24},
  volume={74},
  issn={1356-6237},
  journal={Neurology},
  pages={1961--1968},
  author={Schwenk, Michael and Zieschang, Tania and Oster, Peter and Hauer, Klaus}
}

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    <dc:contributor>Hauer, Klaus</dc:contributor>
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    <dc:creator>Oster, Peter</dc:creator>
    <dcterms:issued>2010-06-15</dcterms:issued>
    <dc:contributor>Zieschang, Tania</dc:contributor>
    <dc:creator>Schwenk, Michael</dc:creator>
    <dc:language>eng</dc:language>
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    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">Background: Deficits in attention-related cognitive performance measured as dual-task performance represent early markers of dementia and are associated with motor deficits and increased risk of falling. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a specific dual-task training in patients with mild to moderate dementia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Methods: Sixty-one geriatric patients with confirmed dementia took part in a 12-week randomized, controlled trial. Subjects in the intervention group (IG) underwent dual-task–based exercise training. The control group (CG) performed unspecific low-intensity exercise. Motor performance (gait speed, cadence, stride length, stride time, single support) and cognitive performance (serial 2 forward calculation [S2], serial 3 backward calculation [S3]) were examined as single and dual tasks. Decrease in performance during dual tasks compared to single task expressed as motor, cognitive, and combined motor/cognitive dual-task cost (DTC) was calculated before and after intervention. Primary outcome was defined as DTC for gait speed under complex S3 conditions.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Results: Specific training significantly improved dual-task performance under complex S3 conditions compared to the CG (reduction of DTC: gait speed 21.7% IG, 2.6% CG, p &lt; 0.001; other gait variables: 8.7% to 41.1% IG, −0.9% to 8.1% CG, p ≤ 0.001 to 0.056; combined motor/cognitive: 20.6% IG, 2.2% CG, p = 0.026). No significant effects were found under less challenging dual-task S2 conditions or for cognitive dual-task S3 performance.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Conclusions: The specific exercise program was effective to improve dual-task performance in patients with dementia.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Classification of evidence: This study provides Class II evidence that specific dual-task training improves dual-task performance during walking under complex S3 conditions in geriatric patients with mild to moderate dementia.</dcterms:abstract>
    <dc:creator>Hauer, Klaus</dc:creator>
    <dc:contributor>Schwenk, Michael</dc:contributor>
    <dc:contributor>Oster, Peter</dc:contributor>
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    <dc:creator>Zieschang, Tania</dc:creator>
    <dcterms:title>Dual-task performances can be improved in patients with dementia : A randomized controlled trial</dcterms:title>
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