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Politische Bank wider Willen : Die Deutsche Orientbank vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg

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1997

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Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte : ZUG. 1997, 42(1), pp. 65-88

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The Deutsche Orientbank was founded in 1905 by the Dresdner Bank, the A.Schaaffhausenschen Bankverein and the Nationalbank für Deutschland to promote german trade in the Mediterranean region. One year earlier a similar project of a cooperation between the Nationalbank and several Greek bankers had failed. The new institution became active in four regions: 1. Egypt: It was difficult for the Orientbank to prosper since most of the German trading houses were content wirht their British banking connections. At the same time the Khedive tried to use the bank to improve his economic and political position against the dominant British influence. Although after some years the Orientbank managed to prosper by financing the cotton trade, several of the Khedive's political activities caused serious conflicts between the British administration and the directors of the bank. - 2. In the Ottoman empire the entente between Deutsche Bank and the Banque Impériale Ottomane prevented the Orientbank from floating Turkish government or industrial loans. The Young Turk revolution in 1908/1909, which weakened the Deutsche Bank's influence at the sublime porte, enabled the Orientbank to gain access to more profitable transactions. In 1914 it had come close to reaching an equal economic position when the outbreak of the Great War destroyed all future prospects. 3. Political considerations played a major role when the bank gave way to the wishes of the German Foreign Office and founded branches in Morocco. However, its engagement in Morocco failed after 1911, although the bank had tried to avoid conflicts with the French financial institutions. When the country became a French colony, the Orientbank closed its branches because a deep financial involvement in French territories seemed too risky. 4. In Southern Europe, the best prospects for a German merchant bank existed in the Balkans, and the Orientbank managed to establish itself in the regional markets. However, during the Balkan Wars political and military developments destroyed most of the local trade structures. To sum up: The main reason for the limited financial success of the Orientbank was that repeatedly it was drawn into political tensions.

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ISO 690BARTH, Boris, 1997. Politische Bank wider Willen : Die Deutsche Orientbank vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg. In: Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte : ZUG. 1997, 42(1), pp. 65-88
BibTex
@article{Barth1997Polit-15420,
  year={1997},
  title={Politische Bank wider Willen : Die Deutsche Orientbank vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg},
  number={1},
  volume={42},
  journal={Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte : ZUG},
  pages={65--88},
  author={Barth, Boris}
}
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