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Differential impacts of addition and omission deviants on the working memory performance of adults with and without self-reported ADHD

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2025

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Marsh, John Everett
Sörman, Daniel E.
Nyberg, Lars
Vega-Mendoza, Mariana
Ljungberg, Jessica K.

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https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2025.2563538
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Published

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Journal of Cognitive Psychology. Taylor & Francis. ISSN 2044-5911. eISSN 2044-592X. Verfügbar unter: doi: 10.1080/20445911.2025.2563538

Zusammenfassung

Many individuals use background noise to aid concentration on tasks, yet its effect on working memory, especially for those with ADHD, is not well understood. This study examined how background white noise influences short-term serial recall inadults with self-reported ADHD (n = 66) and those without (n = 66), controlling for anxiety and depression. Participants performed a visual-verbal serial short-term memory task under two conditions: continuous white noise interrupted by quiet intervals (omission deviant) and continuous quiet interrupted by white noise (addition deviant). Results showed that addition deviants disrupted performance more in non-ADHD adults, while omission deviants had a greater disruptive effect on adults with self-reported ADHD. These findings suggest that interruptions in background sound may differently affect individuals with ADHD symptoms. Exploratory analyses showed the absence of a primacy effect in adults with self-reported ADHD. Future research might explore optimal auditory environments tailored to attention differences in those with and without ADHD.

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150 Psychologie

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ISO 690ELBE, Pia, John Everett MARSH, Daniel E. SÖRMAN, Lars NYBERG, Mariana VEGA-MENDOZA, Jessica K. LJUNGBERG, 2025. Differential impacts of addition and omission deviants on the working memory performance of adults with and without self-reported ADHD. In: Journal of Cognitive Psychology. Taylor & Francis. ISSN 2044-5911. eISSN 2044-592X. Verfügbar unter: doi: 10.1080/20445911.2025.2563538
BibTex
@article{Elbe2025-10-12Diffe-74809,
  title={Differential impacts of addition and omission deviants on the working memory performance of adults with and without self-reported ADHD},
  year={2025},
  doi={10.1080/20445911.2025.2563538},
  issn={2044-5911},
  journal={Journal of Cognitive Psychology},
  author={Elbe, Pia and Marsh, John Everett and Sörman, Daniel E. and Nyberg, Lars and Vega-Mendoza, Mariana and Ljungberg, Jessica K.}
}
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