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Aldosterone secretion during the day : Salivary aldosterone awakening response and daytime levels

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2022

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Psychoneuroendocrinology. Elsevier. 2022, 139, 105685. ISSN 0306-4530. eISSN 1873-3360. Available under: doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105685

Zusammenfassung

Background
The mineralocorticoid hormone aldosterone is a key regulator of the sodium–potassium balance and blood pressure. In excess, aldosterone relates to hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here, we systematically investigated aldosterone secretion during the day in terms of salivary aldosterone awakening response (AldAR) and salivary aldosterone daytime levels (AldDay) under controlled conditions in participants’ natural environment including assessment of potential confounding variables.

Methods
In 40 healthy young men, saliva samples for AldAR were collected immediately after awakening and 15, 30, 45, and 60 min thereafter. AldDay levels were measured in 1 h intervals from 9:00–22:00 h. Analyses were complemented by salivary cortisol assessment. Fluid and food intake was standardized and as potential confounders, we assessed awakening time and sleep duration, age, BMI and MAP, as well as chronic stress.

Results
Awakening was followed by significant increases in salivary aldosterone (p = .004, f= 0.31), returning to baseline levels > 60 min later. Longer sleep duration was associated with lower AldAR (p < .001, f= 0.36). Over the course of the day we observed a continuous decrease of AldDay (p < .001, f= 0.45). Longer sleep duration (p = .097, f= .21), later time of awakening (p < .001, f= .29), and higher chronic stress (p = .041, f= .23) were associated with AldDay characteristics. Circadian aldosterone secretion was positively associated with most cortisol measures.

Conclusions
We observed an awakening response in salivary aldosterone and could confirm a decrease in aldosterone levels during the day, comparable to cortisol. Significant confounders were sleep-related variables and chronic stress. Clinical implications of circadian aldosterone secretion with respect to CVD risk remain to be elucidated.

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Fachgebiet (DDC)
150 Psychologie

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Aldosterone awakening response; Aldosterone daytime levels; Salivary aldosterone; Sleep duration; Awakening time; Chronic stress

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ISO 690GIDEON, Angelina, Christine SAUTER, Jennifer DEUBER, Julia GRÜNEWALD, Petra H. WIRTZ, 2022. Aldosterone secretion during the day : Salivary aldosterone awakening response and daytime levels. In: Psychoneuroendocrinology. Elsevier. 2022, 139, 105685. ISSN 0306-4530. eISSN 1873-3360. Available under: doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105685
BibTex
@article{Gideon2022Aldos-56662,
  year={2022},
  doi={10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105685},
  title={Aldosterone secretion during the day : Salivary aldosterone awakening response and daytime levels},
  volume={139},
  issn={0306-4530},
  journal={Psychoneuroendocrinology},
  author={Gideon, Angelina and Sauter, Christine and Deuber, Jennifer and Grünewald, Julia and Wirtz, Petra H.},
  note={Article Number: 105685}
}
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    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">Background&lt;br /&gt;The mineralocorticoid hormone aldosterone is a key regulator of the sodium–potassium balance and blood pressure. In excess, aldosterone relates to hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here, we systematically investigated aldosterone secretion during the day in terms of salivary aldosterone awakening response (AldAR) and salivary aldosterone daytime levels (AldDay) under controlled conditions in participants’ natural environment including assessment of potential confounding variables.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Methods&lt;br /&gt;In 40 healthy young men, saliva samples for AldAR were collected immediately after awakening and 15, 30, 45, and 60 min thereafter. AldDay levels were measured in 1 h intervals from 9:00–22:00 h. Analyses were complemented by salivary cortisol assessment. Fluid and food intake was standardized and as potential confounders, we assessed awakening time and sleep duration, age, BMI and MAP, as well as chronic stress.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Results&lt;br /&gt;Awakening was followed by significant increases in salivary aldosterone (p = .004, f= 0.31), returning to baseline levels &gt; 60 min later. Longer sleep duration was associated with lower AldAR (p &lt; .001, f= 0.36). Over the course of the day we observed a continuous decrease of AldDay (p &lt; .001, f= 0.45). Longer sleep duration (p = .097, f= .21), later time of awakening (p &lt; .001, f= .29), and higher chronic stress (p = .041, f= .23) were associated with AldDay characteristics. Circadian aldosterone secretion was positively associated with most cortisol measures.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Conclusions&lt;br /&gt;We observed an awakening response in salivary aldosterone and could confirm a decrease in aldosterone levels during the day, comparable to cortisol. Significant confounders were sleep-related variables and chronic stress. Clinical implications of circadian aldosterone secretion with respect to CVD risk remain to be elucidated.</dcterms:abstract>
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