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AMP-dependent phosphite dehydrogenase, a phosphorylating enzyme in dissimilatory phosphite oxidation

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2023

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS). National Academy of Sciences. 2023, 120(45), e2309743120. ISSN 0027-8424. eISSN 1091-6490. Verfügbar unter: doi: 10.1073/pnas.2309743120

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Oxidation of phosphite (HPO32−) to phosphate (HPO42−) releases electrons at a very low redox potential (E0′= −690 mV) which renders phosphite an excellent electron donor for microbial energy metabolism. To date, two pure cultures of strictly anaerobic bacteria have been isolated that run their energy metabolism on the basis of phosphite oxidation, the Gram-negative Desulfotignum phosphitoxidans (DSM 13687) and the Gram-positive Phosphitispora fastidiosa (DSM 112739). Here, we describe the key enzyme for dissimilatory phosphite oxidation in these bacteria. The enzyme catalyzed phosphite oxidation in the presence of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to form adenosine diphosphate (ADP), with concomitant reduction of oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). The enzyme of P. fastidiosa was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. It has a molecular mass of 35.2 kDa and a high affinity for phosphite and NAD+. Its activity was enhanced more than 100-fold by addition of ADP-consuming adenylate kinase (myokinase) to a maximal activity between 30 and 80 mU x mg protein−1. A similar NAD-dependent enzyme oxidizing phosphite to phosphate with concomitant phosphorylation of AMP to ADP is found in D. phosphitoxidans, but this enzyme could not be heterologously expressed. Based on sequence analysis, these phosphite-oxidizing enzymes are related to nucleotide-diphosphate-sugar epimerases and indeed represent AMP-dependent phosphite dehydrogenases (ApdA). A reaction mechanism is proposed for this unusual type of substrate-level phosphorylation reaction.

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570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

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ISO 690MAO, Zhuqing, Jennifer R. FLEMING, Olga MAYANS, Jasmin FREY, David SCHLEHECK, Bernhard SCHINK, Nicolai MÜLLER, 2023. AMP-dependent phosphite dehydrogenase, a phosphorylating enzyme in dissimilatory phosphite oxidation. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS). National Academy of Sciences. 2023, 120(45), e2309743120. ISSN 0027-8424. eISSN 1091-6490. Verfügbar unter: doi: 10.1073/pnas.2309743120
BibTex
@article{Mao2023AMPde-68580,
  year={2023},
  doi={10.1073/pnas.2309743120},
  title={AMP-dependent phosphite dehydrogenase, a phosphorylating enzyme in dissimilatory phosphite oxidation},
  number={45},
  volume={120},
  issn={0027-8424},
  journal={Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS)},
  author={Mao, Zhuqing and Fleming, Jennifer R. and Mayans, Olga and Frey, Jasmin and Schleheck, David and Schink, Bernhard and Müller, Nicolai},
  note={Article Number: e2309743120}
}
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