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Recidivism in Switzerland : the influence of custodial sanctions

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2021

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Gonçalves, Leonel Cunha
Baggio, Stéphanie
Noll, Thomas
Singh, Jay P.

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Swiss medical weekly. EMH Schweizerischer Ärzteverlag. 2021, 151, w20462. ISSN 0036-7672. eISSN 1424-3997. Available under: doi: 10.4414/smw.2021.20462

Zusammenfassung

AIMS OF THE STUDY: Although many studies have investigated the influence of personal characteristics on recidivism, knowledge about the impact of correctional policies remains limited. The present study adds to this debate by investigating the effect of the dualistic system of custodial sanctions in Switzerland over time. Specifically, we: (1) tested the influence that different types of custodial sanctions – sentences (offering regular prison treatment) and measures (offering crime-related rehabilitation programmes) – have on reconviction rates; and (2) forecasted future reconviction rates to estimate their value in the year 2020.
METHODS: National level data from the Swiss Federal Statistical Office were collected, including 3-year reconviction rates after release from custody and the number of persons serving custodial sentences and measures. A time series framework was used for the analyses, which included data available from 1988 to 2013 (n = 26 years).
RESULTS: The number of persons serving custodial sentences had no effect on recidivism (p = 0.582); however, a higher number of persons serving custodial measures was significantly associated with a decrease in recidivism (p = 0.003). For the year 2020, a reconviction rate of 28% (range 23–33%) was predicted.
CONCLUSIONS: Custodial measures seem to be associated with a reduction in recidivism. However, owing to the indeterminate time associated with some custodial measures, often at the cost of the prisoners’ rights and the criminal justice system, future studies are needed to determine the optimal serving time for custodial measures.

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ISO 690GONÇALVES, Leonel Cunha, Stéphanie BAGGIO, Michael A. WEBER, Thierry URWYLER, Thomas NOLL, Jay P. SINGH, Astrid ROSSEGGER, Jérôme ENDRASS, 2021. Recidivism in Switzerland : the influence of custodial sanctions. In: Swiss medical weekly. EMH Schweizerischer Ärzteverlag. 2021, 151, w20462. ISSN 0036-7672. eISSN 1424-3997. Available under: doi: 10.4414/smw.2021.20462
BibTex
@article{Goncalves2021-03-15Recid-53733,
  year={2021},
  doi={10.4414/smw.2021.20462},
  title={Recidivism in Switzerland : the influence of custodial sanctions},
  volume={151},
  issn={0036-7672},
  journal={Swiss medical weekly},
  author={Gonçalves, Leonel Cunha and Baggio, Stéphanie and Weber, Michael A. and Urwyler, Thierry and Noll, Thomas and Singh, Jay P. and Rossegger, Astrid and Endrass, Jérôme},
  note={Article Number: w20462}
}
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    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">AIMS OF THE STUDY: Although many studies have investigated the influence of personal characteristics on recidivism, knowledge about the impact of correctional policies remains limited. The present study adds to this debate by investigating the effect of the dualistic system of custodial sanctions in Switzerland over time. Specifically, we: (1) tested the influence that different types of custodial sanctions – sentences (offering regular prison treatment) and measures (offering crime-related rehabilitation programmes) – have on reconviction rates; and (2) forecasted future reconviction rates to estimate their value in the year 2020.&lt;br /&gt;METHODS: National level data from the Swiss Federal Statistical Office were collected, including 3-year reconviction rates after release from custody and the number of persons serving custodial sentences and measures. A time series framework was used for the analyses, which included data available from 1988 to 2013 (n = 26 years).&lt;br /&gt;RESULTS: The number of persons serving custodial sentences had no effect on recidivism (p = 0.582); however, a higher number of persons serving custodial measures was significantly associated with a decrease in recidivism (p = 0.003). For the year 2020, a reconviction rate of 28% (range 23–33%) was predicted.&lt;br /&gt;CONCLUSIONS: Custodial measures seem to be associated with a reduction in recidivism. However, owing to the indeterminate time associated with some custodial measures, often at the cost of the prisoners’ rights and the criminal justice system, future studies are needed to determine the optimal serving time for custodial measures.</dcterms:abstract>
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