Development and stability of sport participation in middle age
Development and stability of sport participation in middle age
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2009
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14th annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science
Abstract
Introduction: In order to explain sport participation in middle age, there is a dominance of social cogni-tive models which try to explain
short-term changes in behaviour (e.g. for several weeks or months). In contrast, Levinson’s (1986) developmental model represents a
productive theoretical framework to describe long-term changes in behaviour. At the centre of this theory is a concept of a life structure
which is formed by the individual’s environment. The fundamental components of the life structure in middle age are the individual family
and work situation (Levinson, p. 6). In this theory, sport activity can be considered as a special form of leisure time which vies for time
resources with family, work, and other forms of lei-sure time activities. According to Levinson’s theory, changes in life structure cause
changes in the constitution of leisure time. The central question of this paper is to investi-gate the hypothesis that life structure has an
influence on participation in sport activity.
Methods: To examine this hypothesis, longitudinal data were collected from 726 persons aged be-tween 33 and 56 years (M = 45.0; SD
= 7.5). Three measurements were taken in five year intervals (1992, 1997, 2002). In addition to a comprehensive diagnosis of the sport
activity behaviour using a self questionnaire, socio-demographic variables, subjective health, in-tentions, family, and work environment
were assessed.
Results: The results of the study suggest that on the one hand, sport participation is a stable char-acteristic of human behaviour. The
analysis of the finite Markov chains in discrete time shows that the probability for staying active is 91% for the transition from 1992 to 1997
and 89% from 1997 to 2002. On the other hand, the sport participation is unstable because the chance for staying inactive is 59% for the
period 1992-1997 and 42% for the period 1997-2002. The results of the logistic regression show that in the process of the adoption of sport activity, the variables gender, work load, and the number of people living in the household have a significant influence on sport
participation. In the process of mainte-nance, work load, health and social status have a significant effect on sport participation.
Discussion: The results of this study support Levinson’s (1986) theory which states that the compo-nents of life structure, such as work load
and the number of persons in the household, have an impact on sport participation behaviour.
short-term changes in behaviour (e.g. for several weeks or months). In contrast, Levinson’s (1986) developmental model represents a
productive theoretical framework to describe long-term changes in behaviour. At the centre of this theory is a concept of a life structure
which is formed by the individual’s environment. The fundamental components of the life structure in middle age are the individual family
and work situation (Levinson, p. 6). In this theory, sport activity can be considered as a special form of leisure time which vies for time
resources with family, work, and other forms of lei-sure time activities. According to Levinson’s theory, changes in life structure cause
changes in the constitution of leisure time. The central question of this paper is to investi-gate the hypothesis that life structure has an
influence on participation in sport activity.
Methods: To examine this hypothesis, longitudinal data were collected from 726 persons aged be-tween 33 and 56 years (M = 45.0; SD
= 7.5). Three measurements were taken in five year intervals (1992, 1997, 2002). In addition to a comprehensive diagnosis of the sport
activity behaviour using a self questionnaire, socio-demographic variables, subjective health, in-tentions, family, and work environment
were assessed.
Results: The results of the study suggest that on the one hand, sport participation is a stable char-acteristic of human behaviour. The
analysis of the finite Markov chains in discrete time shows that the probability for staying active is 91% for the transition from 1992 to 1997
and 89% from 1997 to 2002. On the other hand, the sport participation is unstable because the chance for staying inactive is 59% for the
period 1992-1997 and 42% for the period 1997-2002. The results of the logistic regression show that in the process of the adoption of sport activity, the variables gender, work load, and the number of people living in the household have a significant influence on sport
participation. In the process of mainte-nance, work load, health and social status have a significant effect on sport participation.
Discussion: The results of this study support Levinson’s (1986) theory which states that the compo-nents of life structure, such as work load
and the number of persons in the household, have an impact on sport participation behaviour.
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796 Sport
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14th annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science, Jun 24, 2009 - Jun 27, 2009, Oslo
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JEKAUC, Darko, Alexander WOLL, Klaus BÖS, 2009. Development and stability of sport participation in middle age. 14th annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science. Oslo, Jun 24, 2009 - Jun 27, 2009. In: 14th annual Congress of the European College of Sport ScienceBibTex
@inproceedings{Jekauc2009Devel-17350,
year={2009},
title={Development and stability of sport participation in middle age},
booktitle={14th annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science},
author={Jekauc, Darko and Woll, Alexander and Bös, Klaus},
note={Poster presented at: 14th annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science. Oslo, 24.-27. Juni 2009}
}
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<dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">Introduction: In order to explain sport participation in middle age, there is a dominance of social cogni-tive models which try to explain<br />short-term changes in behaviour (e.g. for several weeks or months). In contrast, Levinson’s (1986) developmental model represents a<br />productive theoretical framework to describe long-term changes in behaviour. At the centre of this theory is a concept of a life structure<br />which is formed by the individual’s environment. The fundamental components of the life structure in middle age are the individual family<br />and work situation (Levinson, p. 6). In this theory, sport activity can be considered as a special form of leisure time which vies for time<br />resources with family, work, and other forms of lei-sure time activities. According to Levinson’s theory, changes in life structure cause<br />changes in the constitution of leisure time. The central question of this paper is to investi-gate the hypothesis that life structure has an<br />influence on participation in sport activity.<br />Methods: To examine this hypothesis, longitudinal data were collected from 726 persons aged be-tween 33 and 56 years (M = 45.0; SD<br />= 7.5). Three measurements were taken in five year intervals (1992, 1997, 2002). In addition to a comprehensive diagnosis of the sport<br />activity behaviour using a self questionnaire, socio-demographic variables, subjective health, in-tentions, family, and work environment<br />were assessed.<br />Results: The results of the study suggest that on the one hand, sport participation is a stable char-acteristic of human behaviour. The<br />analysis of the finite Markov chains in discrete time shows that the probability for staying active is 91% for the transition from 1992 to 1997<br />and 89% from 1997 to 2002. On the other hand, the sport participation is unstable because the chance for staying inactive is 59% for the<br />period 1992-1997 and 42% for the period 1997-2002. The results of the logistic regression show that in the process of the adoption of sport activity, the variables gender, work load, and the number of people living in the household have a significant influence on sport<br />participation. In the process of mainte-nance, work load, health and social status have a significant effect on sport participation.<br />Discussion: The results of this study support Levinson’s (1986) theory which states that the compo-nents of life structure, such as work load<br />and the number of persons in the household, have an impact on sport participation behaviour.</dcterms:abstract>
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Poster presented at: 14th annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science. Oslo, 24.-27. Juni 2009
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