How Honey Bee Colonies Survive in the Wild : Testing the Importance of Small Nests and Frequent Swarming

Loftus, J. Carter; Smith, Michael L.; Seeley, Thomas D.

How Honey Bee Colonies Survive in the Wild : Testing the Importance of Small Nests and Frequent Swarming

Files

Loftus_2-6rqn4087nj827.pdf(341.33 KB)

Date

2016

Authors

Loftus, J. Carter

Smith, Michael L.

Seeley, Thomas D.

Publication type

Journal article

Publication status

Published

Published in

PLoS one ; 11 (2016), 3. - e0150362. - eISSN 1932-6203

Abstract

The ectoparasitic mite, Varroa destructor, and the viruses that it transmits, kill the colonies of European honey bees (Apis mellifera) kept by beekeepers unless the bees are treated with miticides. Nevertheless, there exist populations of wild colonies of European honey bees that are persisting without being treated with miticides. We hypothesized that the persistence of these wild colonies is due in part to their habits of nesting in small cavities and swarming frequently. We tested this hypothesis by establishing two groups of colonies living either in small hives (42 L) without swarm-control treatments or in large hives (up to 168 L) with swarm-control treatments. We followed the colonies for two years and compared the two groups with respect to swarming frequency, Varroa infesttion rate, disease incidence, and colony survival. Colonies in small hives swarmed more often, had lower Varroa infestation rates, had less disease, and had higher survival compared to colonies in large hives. These results indicate that the smaller nest cavities and more frequent swarming of wild colonies contribute to their persistence without mite treatments.

Subject (DDC)

570 Biosciences, Biology

Cite This

ISO 690

LOFTUS, J. Carter, Michael L. SMITH, Thomas D. SEELEY, 2016. How Honey Bee Colonies Survive in the Wild : Testing the Importance of Small Nests and Frequent Swarming. In: PLoS one. 11(3), e0150362. eISSN 1932-6203. Available under: doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150362

BibTex

@article{Loftus2016Honey-46435,
  year={2016},
  doi={10.1371/journal.pone.0150362},
  title={How Honey Bee Colonies Survive in the Wild : Testing the Importance of Small Nests and Frequent Swarming},
  number={3},
  volume={11},
  journal={PLoS one},
  author={Loftus, J. Carter and Smith, Michael L. and Seeley, Thomas D.},
  note={Article Number: e0150362}
}

RDF

<rdf:RDF
    xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"
    xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
    xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
    xmlns:bibo="http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/"
    xmlns:dspace="http://digital-repositories.org/ontologies/dspace/0.1.0#"
    xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
    xmlns:void="http://rdfs.org/ns/void#"
    xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" > 
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="https://kops.uni-konstanz.de/server/rdf/resource/123456789/46435">
    <foaf:homepage rdf:resource="http://localhost:8080/"/>
    <dc:contributor>Smith, Michael L.</dc:contributor>
    <dc:contributor>Seeley, Thomas D.</dc:contributor>
    <dcterms:issued>2016</dcterms:issued>
    <dspace:isPartOfCollection rdf:resource="https://kops.uni-konstanz.de/server/rdf/resource/123456789/28"/>
    <dcterms:title>How Honey Bee Colonies Survive in the Wild : Testing the Importance of Small Nests and Frequent Swarming</dcterms:title>
    <dc:contributor>Loftus, J. Carter</dc:contributor>
    <dcterms:available rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2019-07-17T13:19:47Z</dcterms:available>
    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">The ectoparasitic mite, Varroa destructor, and the viruses that it transmits, kill the colonies of European honey bees (Apis mellifera) kept by beekeepers unless the bees are treated with miticides. Nevertheless, there exist populations of wild colonies of European honey bees that are persisting without being treated with miticides. We hypothesized that the persistence of these wild colonies is due in part to their habits of nesting in small cavities and swarming frequently. We tested this hypothesis by establishing two groups of colonies living either in small hives (42 L) without swarm-control treatments or in large hives (up to 168 L) with swarm-control treatments. We followed the colonies for two years and compared the two groups with respect to swarming frequency, Varroa infesttion rate, disease incidence, and colony survival. Colonies in small hives swarmed more often, had lower Varroa infestation rates, had less disease, and had higher survival compared to colonies in large hives. These results indicate that the smaller nest cavities and more frequent swarming of wild colonies contribute to their persistence without mite treatments.</dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:rights rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"/>
    <dc:creator>Loftus, J. Carter</dc:creator>
    <dc:rights>Attribution 4.0 International</dc:rights>
    <dc:creator>Smith, Michael L.</dc:creator>
    <dspace:hasBitstream rdf:resource="https://kops.uni-konstanz.de/bitstream/123456789/46435/3/Loftus_2-6rqn4087nj827.pdf"/>
    <dc:language>eng</dc:language>
    <dcterms:hasPart rdf:resource="https://kops.uni-konstanz.de/bitstream/123456789/46435/3/Loftus_2-6rqn4087nj827.pdf"/>
    <dc:date rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2019-07-17T13:19:47Z</dc:date>
    <bibo:uri rdf:resource="https://kops.uni-konstanz.de/handle/123456789/46435"/>
    <void:sparqlEndpoint rdf:resource="http://localhost/fuseki/dspace/sparql"/>
    <dc:creator>Seeley, Thomas D.</dc:creator>
    <dcterms:isPartOf rdf:resource="https://kops.uni-konstanz.de/server/rdf/resource/123456789/28"/>
  </rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

Refereed

Yes