Type of Publication: | Journal article |
URI (citable link): | http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-opus-75535 |
Author: | Deininger, Susanne; Figueroa-Perez, Ignacio; Sigel, Stefanie; Stadelmaier, Andreas; Schmidt, Richard R.; Hartung, Thomas; Aulock, Sonja von |
Year of publication: | 2007 |
Published in: | Clinical and Vaccine Immunology ; 14 (2007), 12. - pp. 1629-1633. - ISSN 1556-6811. - eISSN 1556-679X |
Pubmed ID: | 17928431 |
DOI (citable link): | https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00007-07 |
Summary: |
Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) from gram-positive bacteria is the counterpart to lipopolysaccharide from gramnegative bacteria. LTA, which activates Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), induces a unique cytokine and chemokine pattern. The chemical synthesis of LTA proved its immunostimulatory properties. To determine the minimal active structure of LTA, we reduced synthetic LTA in a number of steps down to the synthetic anchor and employed these molecules to stimulate interleukin-8 (IL-8) release in human whole blood. Ten times more of the synthetic structures with four to six D-alanine-substituted polyglycerophosphate units (50 nM) than of the native LTA preparation was required to induce IL-8 release. A further reduction to three backbone units with two or no D-alanine residues resulted in cytokine induction only from 500 nM. The synthetic anchor was not able to induce IL-8 release even at 5 μM. When the LTA derivatives were used at 500 nM, they induced increasing levels of IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha with increasing elongation of the backbone. Peritoneal macrophages were less responsive than human blood to the synthetic structures. Therefore, TLR2 dependency could be shown only with cells from TLR2-deficient mice for the two largest synthetic structures.This was confirmed by using TLR2-transfected HEK 293 cells. Taken together, these data indicate that although the synthetic anchor (which, unlike the native anchor, contains only myristic acid) cannot induce cytokine release, the addition of three backbone units, even without D-alanine substituents, confers this ability. Lengthening of the chain with D-alanine-substituted backbone units results in increased cytokine-inducing potency and a more sensitive response.
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Subject (DDC): | 570 Biosciences, Biology |
Link to License: | In Copyright |
Bibliography of Konstanz: | Yes |
DEININGER, Susanne, Ignacio FIGUEROA-PEREZ, Stefanie SIGEL, Andreas STADELMAIER, Richard R. SCHMIDT, Thomas HARTUNG, Sonja von AULOCK, 2007. Use of Synthetic Derivatives To Determine the Minimal Active Structure of Cytokine-Inducing Lipoteichoic Acid. In: Clinical and Vaccine Immunology. 14(12), pp. 1629-1633. ISSN 1556-6811. eISSN 1556-679X. Available under: doi: 10.1128/CVI.00007-07
@article{Deininger2007Synth-6882, title={Use of Synthetic Derivatives To Determine the Minimal Active Structure of Cytokine-Inducing Lipoteichoic Acid}, year={2007}, doi={10.1128/CVI.00007-07}, number={12}, volume={14}, issn={1556-6811}, journal={Clinical and Vaccine Immunology}, pages={1629--1633}, author={Deininger, Susanne and Figueroa-Perez, Ignacio and Sigel, Stefanie and Stadelmaier, Andreas and Schmidt, Richard R. and Hartung, Thomas and Aulock, Sonja von} }
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2007Deininger_CVI.pdf | 361 |