NxrB encoding the beta subunit of nitrite oxidoreductase as functional and phylogenetic marker for nitrite-oxidizing Nitrospira

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2014
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Maixner, Frank
Berry, David
Rattei, Thomas
Koch, Hanna
Lücker, Sebastian
Nowka, Boris
Richter, Andreas
Spieck, Eva
Lebedeva, Elena
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Environmental Microbiology ; 16 (2014), 10. - pp. 3055-3071. - ISSN 1462-2912. - eISSN 1462-2920
Abstract
Nitrospira are the most widespread and diverse known nitrite-oxidizing bacteria and key nitrifiers in natural and engineered ecosystems. Nevertheless, their ecophysiology and environmental distribution are understudied because of the recalcitrance of Nitrospira to cultivation and the lack of a molecular functional marker, which would allow the detection of Nitrospira in the environment. Here we introduce nxrB, the gene encoding subunit beta of nitrite oxidoreductase, as a functional and phylogenetic marker for Nitrospira. Phylogenetic trees based on nxrB of Nitrospira were largely congruent to 16S ribosomal RNA-based phylogenies. By using new nxrB-selective polymerase chain reaction primers, we obtained almost full-length nxrB sequences from Nitrospira cultures, two activated sludge samples, and several geographically and climatically distinct soils. Amplicon pyrosequencing of nxrB fragments from 16 soils revealed a previously unrecognized diversity of terrestrial Nitrospira with 1801 detected species-level operational taxonomic units (OTUs) (using an inferred species threshold of 95% nxrB identity). Richness estimates ranged from 10 to 946 coexisting Nitrospira species per soil. Comparison with an archaeal amoA dataset obtained from the same soils [Environ. Microbiol. 14: 525–539 (2012)] uncovered that ammonia-oxidizing archaea and Nitrospira communities were highly correlated across the soil samples, possibly indicating shared habitat preferences or specific biological interactions among members of these nitrifier groups.
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ISO 690PESTER, Michael, Frank MAIXNER, David BERRY, Thomas RATTEI, Hanna KOCH, Sebastian LÜCKER, Boris NOWKA, Andreas RICHTER, Eva SPIECK, Elena LEBEDEVA, Alexander LOY, Michael WAGNER, Holger DAIMS, 2014. NxrB encoding the beta subunit of nitrite oxidoreductase as functional and phylogenetic marker for nitrite-oxidizing Nitrospira. In: Environmental Microbiology. 16(10), pp. 3055-3071. ISSN 1462-2912. eISSN 1462-2920. Available under: doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.12300
BibTex
@article{Pester2014encod-31837,
  year={2014},
  doi={10.1111/1462-2920.12300},
  title={NxrB encoding the beta subunit of nitrite oxidoreductase as functional and phylogenetic marker for nitrite-oxidizing Nitrospira},
  number={10},
  volume={16},
  issn={1462-2912},
  journal={Environmental Microbiology},
  pages={3055--3071},
  author={Pester, Michael and Maixner, Frank and Berry, David and Rattei, Thomas and Koch, Hanna and Lücker, Sebastian and Nowka, Boris and Richter, Andreas and Spieck, Eva and Lebedeva, Elena and Loy, Alexander and Wagner, Michael and Daims, Holger}
}
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