Phantom-limb pain as a perceptual correlate of cortical reorganization following arm amputation

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1995
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Flor, Herta
Knecht, Stefan
Pantev, Christo
Birbaumer, Niels
Larbig, Wolfgang
Taub, Edward
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Nature ; 375 (1995), 6531. - pp. 482-484
Abstract
Although phantom-limb pain is a frequent consequence of the amputation of an extremity, little is known about its origin1-4. On the basis of the demonstration of substantial plasticity of the somatosensory cortex after amputation5 or somatosensory deafferentation in adult monkeys6, it has been suggested that cortical reorganization could account for some non-painful phantom-limb phenomena in amputees and that cortical reorganization has an adaptive (that is, pain-preventing) function2,5,7,8. Theoretical and empirical work on chronic back pain9,10 has revealed a positive relationship between the amount of cortical alteration and the magnitude of pain, so we predicted that cortical reorganization and phantom-limb pain should be positively related. Using non-invasive neuromagnetic imaging techniques to determine cortical reorganization in humans11-13, we report a very strong direct relationship (r = 0.93) between the amount of cortical reorganization and the magnitude of phantom limb pain (but not non-painful phantom phenomena) experienced after arm amputation. These data indicate that phantom-limb pain is related to, and may be a consequence of, plastic changes in primary somatosensory cortex.
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150 Psychology
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ISO 690FLOR, Herta, Thomas ELBERT, Stefan KNECHT, Christian WIENBRUCH, Christo PANTEV, Niels BIRBAUMER, Wolfgang LARBIG, Edward TAUB, 1995. Phantom-limb pain as a perceptual correlate of cortical reorganization following arm amputation. In: Nature. 375(6531), pp. 482-484. Available under: doi: 10.1038/375482a0
BibTex
@article{Flor1995Phant-11254,
  year={1995},
  doi={10.1038/375482a0},
  title={Phantom-limb pain as a perceptual correlate of cortical reorganization following arm amputation},
  number={6531},
  volume={375},
  journal={Nature},
  pages={482--484},
  author={Flor, Herta and Elbert, Thomas and Knecht, Stefan and Wienbruch, Christian and Pantev, Christo and Birbaumer, Niels and Larbig, Wolfgang and Taub, Edward}
}
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