Neurobiological Findings in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Kolassa, Iris-Tatjana; Illek, Sonja; Wilker, Sarah; Karabatsiakis, Alexander; Elbert, Thomas

Neurobiological Findings in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Dateien

Zu diesem Dokument gibt es keine Dateien.

Datum

2015

Autor:innen

Kolassa, Iris-Tatjana

Illek, Sonja

Wilker, Sarah

Karabatsiakis, Alexander

Elbert, Thomas

DOI (zitierfähiger Link)

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07109-1_4

EU-Projektnummer

323977

Projekt

Memo TV - Epigenetic, neural and cognitive memories of traumatic stress and violence

Sammlungen

Psychologie

Publikationstyp

Beitrag zu einem Sammelband

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SCHNYDER, Ulrich, ed. and others. Evidence based treatments for trauma-related psychological disorders : a practical guide for clinicians. Cham [u.a.]: Springer, 2015, pp. 63-86. ISBN 978-3-319-07108-4. Available under: doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-07109-1_4

Zusammenfassung

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are present across cultures, with the only differences being the indigenous ways in which affected individuals deal with them. Hence, there must be a common underlying basis for these symptoms. The development of an intense memory for the traumatic experiences encountered, and associated neurobiological alterations, may explain the cross-cultural occurrence of similar PTSD symptoms.

This chapter presents selected neurobiological findings in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the framework of a neurobiological model of PTSD, the fear network model, which explains the development of strong associative emotional-sensory memories for traumatic events. With repeated exposure to traumatic stressors, this associative network gets strengthened but at the same time detached from the corresponding contextual information. After introducing this theoretical background, we next review current knowledge on genetic risk factors for PTSD development, followed by epigenetic alterations found in trauma survivors with PTSD. This is followed by a section on physiological alterations associated with a diagnosis of PTSD. We elaborate on structural and functional alterations in the brain of trauma survivors with PTSD, which correspond well with the assumptions of the fear network model. Furthermore, we summarize evidence that trauma exposure and subsequent PTSD can have adverse physical health consequences, such as cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases, and accelerate the aging process, increasing the risk for the earlier onset of age-related diseases. We illustrate on a molecular level which processes increase disease risk in traumatized populations. Finally, we show that at least some PTSD-associated molecular alterations might be reversible through treatment.

Fachgebiet (DDC)

150 Psychologie

Zitieren

ISO 690

KOLASSA, Iris-Tatjana, Sonja ILLEK, Sarah WILKER, Alexander KARABATSIAKIS, Thomas ELBERT, 2015. Neurobiological Findings in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. In: SCHNYDER, Ulrich, ed. and others. Evidence based treatments for trauma-related psychological disorders : a practical guide for clinicians. Cham [u.a.]: Springer, 2015, pp. 63-86. ISBN 978-3-319-07108-4. Available under: doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-07109-1_4

BibTex

@incollection{Kolassa2015Neuro-31095,
  year={2015},
  doi={10.1007/978-3-319-07109-1_4},
  title={Neurobiological Findings in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder},
  isbn={978-3-319-07108-4},
  publisher={Springer},
  address={Cham [u.a.]},
  booktitle={Evidence based treatments for trauma-related psychological disorders : a practical guide for clinicians},
  pages={63--86},
  editor={Schnyder, Ulrich},
  author={Kolassa, Iris-Tatjana and Illek, Sonja and Wilker, Sarah and Karabatsiakis, Alexander and Elbert, Thomas}
}

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Universitätsbibliographie

Ja