How knowledge interferes with reasoning : suppression effects by content and context

Neth, Hansjörg; Beller, Sieghard

How knowledge interferes with reasoning : suppression effects by content and context

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Date

1999

Authors

Neth, Hansjörg

Beller, Sieghard

Publication type

Contribution to a conference collection

Published in

Proceedings of the twenty first annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society : August 19 - 21, 1999, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia / Hahn, Martin et al. (ed.). - Mahwah, NJ [u.a.] : Lawrence Erlbaum, 1999. - pp. 468-473. - ISBN 0-8058-3581-4

Abstract

The suppression of logically valid inferences by the content or context of premises can be seen as an instance of knowledge having a detrimental influence on reasoning. Although Henle (1962) has claimed that invalid deductions are due to additional premises drawn from background knowledge, current research on content effects ignores the methodological implications of this claim. Elaborating on the suppression effect in conditional reasoning (Byrne, 1989), we present a knowledge-based approach that makes relevant features of background knowledge an integral part of the analysis. After identifying the sufficiency and necessity of conditions as the type of knowledge mediating the effect, we construct and validate task materials independently from any assessment of reasoning (Experiment 1). We then replicate and extend suppression effects in syllogism tasks (Experiment 2) and show that participants are able to couch their background knowledge in formally correct wordings (Experiment 3).

Subject (DDC)

150 Psychology

Conference

Cognitive Science Society, Aug 19, 1999 - Aug 21, 1999, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia

Cite This

ISO 690

NETH, Hansjörg, Sieghard BELLER, 1999. How knowledge interferes with reasoning : suppression effects by content and context. Cognitive Science Society. Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Aug 19, 1999 - Aug 21, 1999. In: HAHN, Martin, ed. and others. Proceedings of the twenty first annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society : August 19 - 21, 1999, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia. Mahwah, NJ [u.a.]:Lawrence Erlbaum, pp. 468-473. ISBN 0-8058-3581-4

BibTex

@inproceedings{Neth1999knowl-28400,
  year={1999},
  title={How knowledge interferes with reasoning : suppression effects by content and context},
  isbn={0-8058-3581-4},
  publisher={Lawrence Erlbaum},
  address={Mahwah, NJ [u.a.]},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the twenty first annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society : August 19 - 21, 1999, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia},
  pages={468--473},
  editor={Hahn, Martin},
  author={Neth, Hansjörg and Beller, Sieghard}
}

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