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Low-temperature processed natural hematite as an electron extraction layer for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

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2023

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Qureshi, Akbar Ali
Javed, Sofia
Akram, Muhammad Aftab

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Surfaces and Interfaces. Elsevier. 2023, 40, 103003. eISSN 2468-0230. Available under: doi: 10.1016/j.surfin.2023.103003

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The mixed halide perovskite solar cells (PSC) have manifested as a contender to market-dominating silicon counterparts owing to their low-temperature solution processing and high efficiency. In PSCs, the electron extraction layer (EEL) plays a vital role as it controls charge transport/extraction from the perovskite absorber layer to the EEL and also determines interfacial recombination and charge accumulation at the EEL/perovskite interface. In this work, high-purity natural hematite (α-Fe2O3) is reported for the first time as the EEL in triple-cation perovskite (CsFAMA) solar cells. To show the cost-effectiveness of this novel EEL, the entire device fabrication process was carried out at a temperature below 150 °C. The optimal α-Fe2O3 EEL shows a mobility value of 9.5 × 10−4 cm−2 V−1 s−1 and trap densities of around 2.40 × 1016 cm−3; the latter is close to state-of-the-art SnO2 EEL (1.26 × 1016 cm−3). The PSCs employing optimal EEL concentration of 10 mg/mL demonstrated a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.3 %, fill factor of 68 %, and VOC of 1.03 V. X-ray diffraction studies show a high crystallinity of natural hematite whereas the photoluminescence studies show a fast carrier extraction from the perovskite to the EEL. The natural α-Fe2O3-based PSCs exhibited superior shelf-life stability of over 30 days due to less charge recombination and smoother CsFAMA thin film deposited over α-Fe2O3 EEL. The low-temperature processed natural α-Fe2O3 EEL can therefore be a promising EEL material for low-cost efficient PSCs.

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ISO 690QURESHI, Akbar Ali, Sofia JAVED, Azhar FAKHARUDDIN, Muhammad Aftab AKRAM, Lukas SCHMIDT-MENDE, 2023. Low-temperature processed natural hematite as an electron extraction layer for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells. In: Surfaces and Interfaces. Elsevier. 2023, 40, 103003. eISSN 2468-0230. Available under: doi: 10.1016/j.surfin.2023.103003
BibTex
@article{Qureshi2023Lowte-67143,
  year={2023},
  doi={10.1016/j.surfin.2023.103003},
  title={Low-temperature processed natural hematite as an electron extraction layer for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells},
  volume={40},
  journal={Surfaces and Interfaces},
  author={Qureshi, Akbar Ali and Javed, Sofia and Fakharuddin, Azhar and Akram, Muhammad Aftab and Schmidt-Mende, Lukas},
  note={Article Number: 103003}
}
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