Intestinal epithelial cells synthesize glucocorticoids and regulate T cell activation
Intestinal epithelial cells synthesize glucocorticoids and regulate T cell activation
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Date
2004
Authors
Cima, Igor
Corazza, Nadia
Dick, Bernhard
Fuhrer, Andrea
Herren, Simon
Jakob, Sabine
Ayuni, Erick
Mueller, Christoph
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Journal of Experimental Medicine ; 200 (2004), 12. - pp. 1635-1646. - ISSN 0022-1007
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are important steroid hormones with widespread activities in metabolism, development, and immune regulation. The adrenal glands are the major source of GCs and release these hormones in response to psychological and immunological stress. However, there is increasing evidence that GCs may also be synthesized by nonadrenal tissues. Here, we report that the intestinal mucosa expresses steroidogenic enzymes and releases the GC corticosterone in response to T cell activation. T cell activation causes an increase in the intestinal expression of the steroidogenic enzymes required for GC synthesis. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that these enzymes are confined to the crypt region of the intestinal epithelial layer. Surprisingly, in situ–produced GCs exhibit both an inhibitory and a costimulatory role on intestinal T cell activation. In the absence of intestinal GCs in vivo, activation by anti-CD3 injection resulted in reduced CD69 expression and interferon- gamma production by intestinal T cells, whereas activation by viral infection led to increased T cell activation. We conclude that the intestinal mucosa is a potent source of immunoregulatory GCs.
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570 Biosciences, Biology
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mucosal immunology,intraepithelial lymphocytes,costimulation,extraadrenal glucocorticoid synthesis,immune regulation
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CIMA, Igor, Nadia CORAZZA, Bernhard DICK, Andrea FUHRER, Simon HERREN, Sabine JAKOB, Erick AYUNI, Christoph MUELLER, Thomas BRUNNER, 2004. Intestinal epithelial cells synthesize glucocorticoids and regulate T cell activation. In: Journal of Experimental Medicine. 200(12), pp. 1635-1646. ISSN 0022-1007. Available under: doi: 10.1084/jem.20031958BibTex
@article{Cima2004-12-20Intes-14282, year={2004}, doi={10.1084/jem.20031958}, title={Intestinal epithelial cells synthesize glucocorticoids and regulate T cell activation}, number={12}, volume={200}, issn={0022-1007}, journal={Journal of Experimental Medicine}, pages={1635--1646}, author={Cima, Igor and Corazza, Nadia and Dick, Bernhard and Fuhrer, Andrea and Herren, Simon and Jakob, Sabine and Ayuni, Erick and Mueller, Christoph and Brunner, Thomas} }
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