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Chimpanzees’ (Pan troglodytes) internal arousal remains elevated if they cannot themselves help a conspecific

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2021

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Hepach, Robert
Vaish, Amrisha
Albiach-Serrano, Anna
Benziad, Leïla
Call, Josep
Tomasello, Michael

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Journal of Comparative Psychology. American Psychological Association (APA). 2021, 135(2), pp. 196-207. ISSN 0735-7036. eISSN 1939-2087. Available under: doi: 10.1037/com0000255

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Chimpanzees help conspecifics achieve their goals in instrumental situations, but neither their immediate motivation nor the evolutionary basis of their motivation is clear. In the current study, we gave chimpanzees the opportunity to instrumentally help a conspecific to obtain food. Following recent studies with human children, we measured their pupil diameter at various points in the process. Like young children, chimpanzees' pupil diameter decreased soon after they had helped. However, unlike children, chimpanzees' pupils remained more dilated upon watching a third party provide the needed help instead of them. Our interpretation is that chimpanzees are motivated to help others, and the evolutionary basis is direct or indirect reciprocity, as providing help oneself sets the conditions for a payback. This is in contrast to young children whose goal is to see others being helped-by whomever-presumably because their helping is not based on reciprocity.

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ISO 690HEPACH, Robert, Amrisha VAISH, Fumihiro KANO, Anna ALBIACH-SERRANO, Leïla BENZIAD, Josep CALL, Michael TOMASELLO, 2021. Chimpanzees’ (Pan troglodytes) internal arousal remains elevated if they cannot themselves help a conspecific. In: Journal of Comparative Psychology. American Psychological Association (APA). 2021, 135(2), pp. 196-207. ISSN 0735-7036. eISSN 1939-2087. Available under: doi: 10.1037/com0000255
BibTex
@article{Hepach2021Chimp-55049,
  year={2021},
  doi={10.1037/com0000255},
  title={Chimpanzees’ (Pan troglodytes) internal arousal remains elevated if they cannot themselves help a conspecific},
  number={2},
  volume={135},
  issn={0735-7036},
  journal={Journal of Comparative Psychology},
  pages={196--207},
  author={Hepach, Robert and Vaish, Amrisha and Kano, Fumihiro and Albiach-Serrano, Anna and Benziad, Leïla and Call, Josep and Tomasello, Michael}
}
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