Measuring childhood maltreatment : Psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) scale
Measuring childhood maltreatment : Psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) scale
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Date
2020
Authors
Fosse, Roar
Skjelstad, Dag Vegard
Thekkumthala, Dorothea
Aanondsen, Chris Margaret
Greger, Hanne Klæboe
Jozefiak, Thomas
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PloS ONE ; 15 (2020), 2. - e0229661. - Public Library of Science (PLoS). - eISSN 1932-6203
Abstract
Purpose
Adverse childhood experiences in sensitive periods of the developing brain render the individual at a life-long risk for a broad spectrum of aberrant health outcomes. However, there is a lack of scales for the comprehensive assessment of adverse childhood experiences providing information of various types and the age of occurrence. Based on the complete, experimental version of the Maltreatment and abuse chronology of exposure (MACE-X) scale, the present study aimed to develop and psychometrically test a Norwegian version of MACE.
Methods
The 75-item MACE-X was translated from German to Norwegian and administered as a self-report measure to 90 outpatients and 145 employees at a Division of specialized mental health care in South-Eastern Norway. The outpatients also completed the Childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ) and the Symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) to investigate convergent and predictive validity. To investigate test-retest reliability, outpatients completed MACE once more two weeks later.
Results
Rasch analysis and Anderson likelihood ratio tests on the combined outpatient and employee data resulted in a 55 item version of the Norwegian MACE. In the outpatient group, test-retest reliability of the MACE-55 was excellent for total scores (ICC ≥ 0.94) and good to excellent for 10 subscale scores (ICC ≥ 0.82). Convergent validity with the CTQ was moderate to high for both total scores (0.63 ≥ r ≥ 0.86) and subscale scores (0.56 ≥ r ≥ 0.82). As compared to CTQ total scores, a MACE total score that combined severity and duration of exposure was numerically more strongly associated with overall psychiatric symptoms and each of nine symptom domains on the SCL-90.
Conclusions
The newly developed Norwegian MACE comprehensively assesses past exposure to adverse childhood experiences with high psychometric properties. This scale is a useful tool for research questions addressing sensitive periods for childhood adversities and associated health phenotypes.
Adverse childhood experiences in sensitive periods of the developing brain render the individual at a life-long risk for a broad spectrum of aberrant health outcomes. However, there is a lack of scales for the comprehensive assessment of adverse childhood experiences providing information of various types and the age of occurrence. Based on the complete, experimental version of the Maltreatment and abuse chronology of exposure (MACE-X) scale, the present study aimed to develop and psychometrically test a Norwegian version of MACE.
Methods
The 75-item MACE-X was translated from German to Norwegian and administered as a self-report measure to 90 outpatients and 145 employees at a Division of specialized mental health care in South-Eastern Norway. The outpatients also completed the Childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ) and the Symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) to investigate convergent and predictive validity. To investigate test-retest reliability, outpatients completed MACE once more two weeks later.
Results
Rasch analysis and Anderson likelihood ratio tests on the combined outpatient and employee data resulted in a 55 item version of the Norwegian MACE. In the outpatient group, test-retest reliability of the MACE-55 was excellent for total scores (ICC ≥ 0.94) and good to excellent for 10 subscale scores (ICC ≥ 0.82). Convergent validity with the CTQ was moderate to high for both total scores (0.63 ≥ r ≥ 0.86) and subscale scores (0.56 ≥ r ≥ 0.82). As compared to CTQ total scores, a MACE total score that combined severity and duration of exposure was numerically more strongly associated with overall psychiatric symptoms and each of nine symptom domains on the SCL-90.
Conclusions
The newly developed Norwegian MACE comprehensively assesses past exposure to adverse childhood experiences with high psychometric properties. This scale is a useful tool for research questions addressing sensitive periods for childhood adversities and associated health phenotypes.
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150 Psychology
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FOSSE, Roar, Dag Vegard SKJELSTAD, Inga SCHALINSKI, Dorothea THEKKUMTHALA, Thomas ELBERT, Chris Margaret AANONDSEN, Hanne Klæboe GREGER, Thomas JOZEFIAK, 2020. Measuring childhood maltreatment : Psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) scale. In: PloS ONE. Public Library of Science (PLoS). 15(2), e0229661. eISSN 1932-6203. Available under: doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229661BibTex
@article{Fosse2020Measu-49162, year={2020}, doi={10.1371/journal.pone.0229661}, title={Measuring childhood maltreatment : Psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) scale}, number={2}, volume={15}, journal={PloS ONE}, author={Fosse, Roar and Skjelstad, Dag Vegard and Schalinski, Inga and Thekkumthala, Dorothea and Elbert, Thomas and Aanondsen, Chris Margaret and Greger, Hanne Klæboe and Jozefiak, Thomas}, note={Article Number: e0229661} }
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