Excess air in groundwater as a potential indicator of past environmental changes

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2002
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Aeschbach-Hertig, Werner
Beyerle, Urs
Holocher, Johannes
Kipfer, Rolf
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Study of environmental change using isotope techniques : proceedings ; international conference held in Vienna, 23 - 27 April 2001 / International Atomic Energy Agency (ed.). - Vienna, 2002. - (C&S papers series, International Atomic Energy Agency ; 13,P). - pp. 174-183. - ISBN 92-0-116402-5
Abstract
Dissolved noble gases in groundwater are used to reconstruct paleotemperature, but also yield information about "excess air", a component of dissolved gases in excess of solubility equilibrium, derived from dissolution of trapped air in the ground. A good characterization of the excess air component is necessary not only to obtain reliable noble gas temperatures, but also to investigate the potential of excess air as a proxy for past environmental conditions. Two excess air related quantities can be derived from groundwater noble gas data sets: The initial air/water ratio and the pressure exerted on the entrapped air. Under recharge conditions typical for many aquifers, the excess of dissolved gases, expressed by the relative Ne excess ¨Ne, is mainly determined by the hydrostatic pressure on the entrapped air. Thus, we suggest that ¨Ne is essentially a measure of the amplitude of water table fluctuations in the recharge area. Comparing data sets from three aquifers in temperate, humid latitudes and three aquifers in tropical, semi-arid regions, we find that ¨Ne is generally higher in the tropical aquifers, possibly related to larger water table fluctuations in these aquifers characterized by deep unsaturated zones. Whereas ¨Ne shows little temporal variation in the mid-latitude aquifers, there is a strong signal of higher ¨Ne in the paleowaters of the tropical aquifers as compared to water recharged under modern climate conditions. This finding may indicate a higher variability of recharge in the past at the studied tropical sites.
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570 Biosciences, Biology
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Study of environmental change using isotope techniques, Apr 23, 2001 - Apr 27, 2001, Vienna
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ISO 690AESCHBACH-HERTIG, Werner, Urs BEYERLE, Johannes HOLOCHER, Frank PEETERS, Rolf KIPFER, 2002. Excess air in groundwater as a potential indicator of past environmental changes. Study of environmental change using isotope techniques. Vienna, Apr 23, 2001 - Apr 27, 2001. In: INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, , ed.. Study of environmental change using isotope techniques : proceedings ; international conference held in Vienna, 23 - 27 April 2001. Vienna, pp. 174-183. ISBN 92-0-116402-5
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@inproceedings{AeschbachHertig2002Exces-24396,
  year={2002},
  title={Excess air in groundwater as a potential indicator of past environmental changes},
  number={13,P},
  isbn={92-0-116402-5},
  address={Vienna},
  series={C&S papers series, International Atomic Energy Agency},
  booktitle={Study of environmental change using isotope techniques : proceedings ; international conference held in Vienna, 23 - 27 April 2001},
  pages={174--183},
  editor={International Atomic Energy Agency},
  author={Aeschbach-Hertig, Werner and Beyerle, Urs and Holocher, Johannes and Peeters, Frank and Kipfer, Rolf}
}
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