Phase transitions in two-dimensional colloidal systems

von Grünberg, Hans Hennig; Keim, Peter; Maret, Georg

Phase transitions in two-dimensional colloidal systems

Files

Keim_Phase.pdf(16.54 MB)

Date

2007

Authors

von Grünberg, Hans Hennig

Keim, Peter

Maret, Georg

Publication type

Contribution to a collection

Published in

Colloidal order : entropic and surface forces / Gompper, Gerhard et al. (ed.). - Weinheim : WILEY-VCH, 2007. - (Soft matter ; 3). - pp. 40-83. - ISBN 978-3-527-31370-9

Abstract

This chapter is an introduction to phase transitions in two-dimensional (2D) systems. In contrast to three dimensions (3D), microscopic theories of melting exist in 2D. The most well known of them was developed more than 30 years ago by Kosterlitz, Thouless, Halperin, Nelson and Young (KTHNY theory). This theory predicts the unbinding of topological defects to break the symmetry in two steps at two distinct temperatures. Dissociation of dislocation pairs first melts the crystal into a still orientationally ordered (hexatic) phase and, in the second step, dissociation of free dislocations causes the system to go over to an isotropic fluid. Colloidal systems are used to verify experimentally the predictions of KTHNY theory in detail as colloids provide the possibility to visualize the change in symmetry on an "atomic" level by simple video-microscopy. Elastic moduli like Young's modulus and Frank's constant are deduced from microscopic trajectories of colloids in order to quanify the softening of the 2D ensemble in the vicinity of the phase transitions.

Subject (DDC)

530 Physics

Cite This

ISO 690

VON GRÜNBERG, Hans Hennig, Peter KEIM, Georg MARET, 2007. Phase transitions in two-dimensional colloidal systems. In: GOMPPER, Gerhard, ed. and others. Colloidal order : entropic and surface forces. Weinheim:WILEY-VCH, pp. 40-83. ISBN 978-3-527-31370-9

BibTex

@incollection{vonGrunberg2007Phase-16898,
  year={2007},
  title={Phase transitions in two-dimensional colloidal systems},
  number={3},
  isbn={978-3-527-31370-9},
  publisher={WILEY-VCH},
  address={Weinheim},
  series={Soft matter},
  booktitle={Colloidal order : entropic and surface forces},
  pages={40--83},
  editor={Gompper, Gerhard},
  author={von Grünberg, Hans Hennig and Keim, Peter and Maret, Georg}
}

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