Word Embeddings for Entity-Annotated Texts

Almasian, Satya; Spitz, Andreas; Gertz, Michael

Word Embeddings for Entity-Annotated Texts

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Date

2019

Authors

Almasian, Satya

Spitz, Andreas

Gertz, Michael

Publication type

Contribution to a conference collection

Publication status

Published

Published in

Advances in information retrieval : 41st European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2019, Proceedings, Part I / Azzopardi, Leif; Stein, Benno; Fuhr, Norberg et al. (ed.). - Cham : Springer, 2019. - (Lecture Notes in Computer Science ; 11437). - pp. 307-322. - ISSN 0302-9743. - eISSN 1611-3349. - ISBN 978-3-030-15711-1

Abstract

Learned vector representations of words are useful tools for many information retrieval and natural language processing tasks due to their ability to capture lexical semantics. However, while many such tasks involve or even rely on named entities as central components, popular word embedding models have so far failed to include entities as first-class citizens. While it seems intuitive that annotating named entities in the training corpus should result in more intelligent word features for downstream tasks, performance issues arise when popular embedding approaches are naïvely applied to entity annotated corpora. Not only are the resulting entity embeddings less useful than expected, but one also finds that the performance of the non-entity word embeddings degrades in comparison to those trained on the raw, unannotated corpus. In this paper, we investigate approaches to jointly train word and entity embeddings on a large corpus with automatically annotated and linked entities. We discuss two distinct approaches to the generation of such embeddings, namely the training of state-of-the-art embeddings on raw-text and annotated versions of the corpus, as well as node embeddings of a co-occurrence graph representation of the annotated corpus. We compare the performance of annotated embeddings and classical word embeddings on a variety of word similarity, analogy, and clustering evaluation tasks, and investigate their performance in entity-specific tasks. Our findings show that it takes more than training popular word embedding models on an annotated corpus to create entity embeddings with acceptable performance on common test cases. Based on these results, we discuss how and when node embeddings of the co-occurrence graph representation of the text can restore the performance.

Subject (DDC)

004 Computer Science

Keywords

Word embeddings; Entity embeddings; Entity graph

Conference

Advances in Information Retrieval : 41st European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2019, Apr 14, 2019 - Apr 18, 2019, Cologne, Germany

Cite This

ISO 690

ALMASIAN, Satya, Andreas SPITZ, Michael GERTZ, 2019. Word Embeddings for Entity-Annotated Texts. Advances in Information Retrieval : 41st European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2019. Cologne, Germany, Apr 14, 2019 - Apr 18, 2019. In: AZZOPARDI, Leif, ed., Benno STEIN, ed., Norberg FUHR, ed. and others. Advances in information retrieval : 41st European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2019, Proceedings, Part I. Cham:Springer, pp. 307-322. ISSN 0302-9743. eISSN 1611-3349. ISBN 978-3-030-15711-1. Available under: doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-15712-8_20

BibTex

@inproceedings{Almasian2019Embed-53927,
  year={2019},
  doi={10.1007/978-3-030-15712-8_20},
  title={Word Embeddings for Entity-Annotated Texts},
  number={11437},
  isbn={978-3-030-15711-1},
  issn={0302-9743},
  publisher={Springer},
  address={Cham},
  series={Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  booktitle={Advances in information retrieval : 41st European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2019, Proceedings, Part I},
  pages={307--322},
  editor={Azzopardi, Leif and Stein, Benno and Fuhr, Norberg},
  author={Almasian, Satya and Spitz, Andreas and Gertz, Michael}
}

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