Activation of Acetone and Other Simple Ketones in Anaerobic Bacteria

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2016
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Heider, Johann
Schühle, Karola
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Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology ; 26 (2016), 1-3. - pp. 152-164. - ISSN 1464-1801. - eISSN 1660-2412
Abstract
Acetone and other ketones are activated for subsequent degradation through carboxylation by many nitrate-reducing, phototrophic, and obligately aerobic bacteria. Acetone carboxylation leads to acetoacetate, which is subsequently activated to a thioester and degraded via thiolysis. Two different types of acetone carboxylases have been described, which require either 2 or 4 ATP equivalents as an energy supply for the carboxylation reaction. Both enzymes appear to combine acetone enolphosphate with carbonic phosphate to form acetoacetate. A similar but more complex enzyme is known to carboxylate the aromatic ketone acetophenone, a metabolic intermediate in anaerobic ethylbenzene metabolism in denitrifying bacteria, with simultaneous hydrolysis of 2 ATP to 2 ADP. Obligately anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria activate acetone to a four-carbon compound as well, but via a different process than bicarbonate- or CO2-dependent carboxylation. The present evidence indicates that either carbon monoxide or a formyl residue is used as a cosubstrate, and that the overall ATP expenditure of this pathway is substantially lower than in the known acetone carboxylase reactions.
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ISO 690HEIDER, Johann, Karola SCHÜHLE, Jasmin FREY, Bernhard SCHINK, 2016. Activation of Acetone and Other Simple Ketones in Anaerobic Bacteria. In: Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology. 26(1-3), pp. 152-164. ISSN 1464-1801. eISSN 1660-2412. Available under: doi: 10.1159/000441500
BibTex
@article{Heider2016-03-10Activ-33891,
  year={2016},
  doi={10.1159/000441500},
  title={Activation of Acetone and Other Simple Ketones in Anaerobic Bacteria},
  number={1-3},
  volume={26},
  issn={1464-1801},
  journal={Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology},
  pages={152--164},
  author={Heider, Johann and Schühle, Karola and Frey, Jasmin and Schink, Bernhard}
}
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    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">Acetone and other ketones are activated for subsequent degradation through carboxylation by many nitrate-reducing, phototrophic, and obligately aerobic bacteria. Acetone carboxylation leads to acetoacetate, which is subsequently activated to a thioester and degraded via thiolysis. Two different types of acetone carboxylases have been described, which require either 2 or 4 ATP equivalents as an energy supply for the carboxylation reaction. Both enzymes appear to combine acetone enolphosphate with carbonic phosphate to form acetoacetate. A similar but more complex enzyme is known to carboxylate the aromatic ketone acetophenone, a metabolic intermediate in anaerobic ethylbenzene metabolism in denitrifying bacteria, with simultaneous hydrolysis of 2 ATP to 2 ADP. Obligately anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria activate acetone to a four-carbon compound as well, but via a different process than bicarbonate- or CO2-dependent carboxylation. The present evidence indicates that either carbon monoxide or a formyl residue is used as a cosubstrate, and that the overall ATP expenditure of this pathway is substantially lower than in the known acetone carboxylase reactions.</dcterms:abstract>
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