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Fostering early childhood health promotion through improving parenting skills?

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2014

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Wilke, Franziska
Anders, Yvonne

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3rd Biennial EARLI SIG 5 Conference, EARLI Conference on SIG 5 Learning and Development in Early Childhood, August 25-27, 2014 Jyväskylä, Finland

Zusammenfassung

Theoretical background:
In Germany, almost one out of five children is growing up on poverty. These children have a higher risk for developing health problems and are less likely to use preventive child health care services (Lampert, Hagen, & Heinzmann, 2010). The foundation of health inequity is often laid during early childhood, a time in which parents' behaviors are mainly responsible for childrens' health outcomes (Bergmann et al., 2011). Early childhood interventions (ECI) can help to inform, educate, and support parents' health behavior. Despite an increase in existing programs, scientific evaluations are still scare (Jungmann & Brand, 2012). Furthermore, many ECIs focus on structural instead of psychological predictors of health behavior. In order to design effective interventions, modifiable correlates of health behavior need to be identified (Lampard, Jurkowski, & Davison, 2013). Socio-cognitive theory (SCT, Bandura, 1998) offers a framework for undrstanding and promoting health behavior which explicitly includes psychological factors (e.g. self-efficacy). The present study AQuaFam evaluates an existing ECI ('chancenreich') which seeks to enhance parenting skills (e.g. self-efficacy) and child outcaomes by offering home visits, parenting courses, and other components for parents with children from 0 till 3 years. Which partipication in 'chancenreich' has on different aspects of home learning environment.

Research question:
Reffering to SCT, the present paper investigates socio-cognitive and motivational variables as prerequisites of health-rpomoting parenting behavior in early childhood. It focuses in aspects such an importance of and self-efficacy to engage children in different health behaviors ( i.e., physical activity, fruit and vegetable intake, media consumption). Differential effects for Chancenreich participants and non-participants and for families of different socio-economic background will be analyzed.

Methods:
Data is drawn from two sources. Descriptive analyses are conducted with information gathered on all Chancenreich participants. Further analyses are based on data collected by the AQuaFam research team via interviewes, observation and questionnaires. AQuaFam is designed as a cross-sectional study:240 families with children of 2-to-4 who had participadet in the project since birth will be included in the ongoing study. A control group will be include further 80 families who did not participate in the project. To investigate the proposed research questions, regression-type and meditation analyses will be used.

Results:
Data collection will be finished in March 2014. Preliminary analyses comparing Chancenreich mothers with higher vs. lower educational background (EB) show that mother with higher EB score higher on health status and health behaviors than mothers with lower EB.

Discussion/ Conclusion:
Research has shown that socio-economic and socio-demographic factors are strong predictors for children's health outcomes. However, socio-cognitive factors can serve as protective factors by enhancing individual health behaviors. Considering that early experiences lay a critical foundation for later health (behaviors), ECIs targeting young families might have the strongest potential to reduce health inequities (cp. CSDH, 2008). Against this background, the paper discusses the determinants of health behavior and investigates the effects of participating in an ECI from a socio-cognitive perspective.

Zusammenfassung in einer weiteren Sprache

Fachgebiet (DDC)
370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

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early childhood intervention, health, social cognitive theory

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3rd Biennial EARLI SIG 5 Conference, 25. Aug. 2014 - 27. Aug. 2014, Jyväskylä, Finnland
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ISO 690HACHFELD, Axinja, Franziska WILKE, Yvonne ANDERS, 2014. Fostering early childhood health promotion through improving parenting skills?. 3rd Biennial EARLI SIG 5 Conference. Jyväskylä, Finnland, 25. Aug. 2014 - 27. Aug. 2014. In: 3rd Biennial EARLI SIG 5 Conference, EARLI Conference on SIG 5 Learning and Development in Early Childhood, August 25-27, 2014 Jyväskylä, Finland
BibTex
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    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="en">Theoretical background:&lt;br /&gt;&#xD;
In Germany, almost one out of five children is growing up on poverty. These children have a higher risk for developing health problems and are less likely to use preventive child health care services (Lampert, Hagen, &amp; Heinzmann, 2010). The foundation of health inequity is often laid during early childhood, a time in which parents' behaviors are mainly responsible for childrens' health outcomes (Bergmann et al., 2011). Early childhood interventions (ECI) can help to inform, educate, and support parents' health behavior. Despite an increase in existing programs, scientific evaluations are still scare (Jungmann &amp; Brand, 2012). Furthermore, many ECIs focus on structural instead of psychological predictors of health behavior. In order to design effective interventions, modifiable correlates of health behavior need to be identified (Lampard, Jurkowski, &amp; Davison, 2013). Socio-cognitive theory (SCT, Bandura, 1998) offers a framework for undrstanding and promoting health behavior which explicitly includes psychological factors (e.g. self-efficacy). The present study AQuaFam evaluates an existing ECI ('chancenreich') which seeks to enhance parenting skills (e.g. self-efficacy) and child outcaomes by offering home visits, parenting courses, and other components for parents with children from 0 till 3 years. Which partipication in 'chancenreich' has on different aspects of home learning environment.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xD;
Research question:&lt;br /&gt;&#xD;
Reffering to SCT, the present paper investigates socio-cognitive and motivational variables as prerequisites of health-rpomoting parenting behavior in early childhood. It focuses in aspects such an importance of and self-efficacy to engage children in different health behaviors ( i.e., physical activity, fruit and vegetable intake, media consumption). Differential effects for Chancenreich participants and non-participants and for families of different socio-economic background will be analyzed.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Methods:&lt;br /&gt;Data is drawn from two sources. Descriptive analyses are conducted with information gathered on all Chancenreich participants. Further analyses are based on data collected by the AQuaFam research team via interviewes, observation and questionnaires. AQuaFam is designed as a cross-sectional study:240 families with children of 2-to-4 who had participadet in the project since birth will be included in the ongoing study. A control group will be include further 80 families who did not participate in the project. To investigate the proposed research questions, regression-type and meditation analyses will be used.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xD;
Results:&lt;br /&gt;Data collection will be finished in March 2014. Preliminary analyses comparing Chancenreich mothers with higher vs. lower educational background (EB) show that mother with higher EB score higher on health status and health behaviors than mothers with lower EB.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&#xD;
Discussion/ Conclusion:&lt;br /&gt;&#xD;
Research has shown that socio-economic and socio-demographic factors are strong predictors for children's health outcomes. However, socio-cognitive factors can serve as protective factors by enhancing individual health behaviors. Considering that early experiences lay a critical foundation for later health (behaviors), ECIs targeting young families might have the strongest potential to reduce health inequities (cp. CSDH, 2008). Against this background, the paper discusses the determinants of health behavior and investigates the effects of participating in an ECI from a socio-cognitive perspective.</dcterms:abstract>
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