@article{Booij2016Dopam-38207,
  year={2016},
  doi={10.1038/tp.2016.6},
  title={Dopamine cross-sensitization between psychostimulant drugs and stress in healthy male volunteers},
  number={2},
  volume={6},
  journal={Translational Psychiatry},
  author={Booij, Linda and Welfeld, Krzysztof and Leyton, Marco and Dagher, Alain and Boileau, Isabelle and Sibon, Igor and Baker, Glen B. and Diksic, Mirko and Pruessner, Jens C. and Benkelfat, Chawki},
  note={Article Number: e740}
}

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    <dc:creator>Leyton, Marco</dc:creator>
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    <dc:contributor>Booij, Linda</dc:contributor>
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    <dc:contributor>Benkelfat, Chawki</dc:contributor>
    <dc:creator>Diksic, Mirko</dc:creator>
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    <dc:rights>Attribution 4.0 International</dc:rights>
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    <dc:creator>Boileau, Isabelle</dc:creator>
    <dc:contributor>Sibon, Igor</dc:contributor>
    <dc:creator>Benkelfat, Chawki</dc:creator>
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    <dc:contributor>Dagher, Alain</dc:contributor>
    <dc:contributor>Leyton, Marco</dc:contributor>
    <dc:contributor>Diksic, Mirko</dc:contributor>
    <dc:contributor>Welfeld, Krzysztof</dc:contributor>
    <dc:creator>Booij, Linda</dc:creator>
    <dc:creator>Baker, Glen B.</dc:creator>
    <dc:creator>Dagher, Alain</dc:creator>
    <dcterms:title>Dopamine cross-sensitization between psychostimulant drugs and stress in healthy male volunteers</dcterms:title>
    <dc:contributor>Boileau, Isabelle</dc:contributor>
    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">Dysregulation of the stress response system is a potential etiological factor in the development of and relapse to multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. Previously we reported that repeated intermittent d-amphetamine administration can lead to progressively greater dopamine release, thereby providing evidence of drug-induced neurochemical sensitization. Here, we test the hypothesis that repeated exposure to d-amphetamine increases dopaminergic responses to stress; that is, produces cross-sensitization. Using positron emission tomography, we measured in 17 healthy male volunteers (mean ± s.d. = 22.1 ± 3.4 years) [(11)C]raclopride binding responses to a validated psychosocial stress task before and 2 weeks after a regimen of repeated d-amphetamine (3 × 0.3 mg kg(-1), by mouth; n = 8) or placebo (3 × lactose, by mouth; n = 9). Mood and physiological measurements were recorded throughout each session. Before the d-amphetamine regimen, exposure to the stress task increased behavioral and physiological indices of stress (anxiety, heart rate, cortisol, all P ⩽ 0.05). Following the d-amphetamine regimen, the stress-induced cortisol responses were augmented (P &lt; 0.04), and voxel-based analyses showed larger stress-induced decreases in [(11)C]raclopride non-displaceable binding potential across the striatum. In the placebo group, re-exposure to stress led to smaller clusters of decreased [(11)C]raclopride binding, primarily in the sensorimotor striatum (P &lt; 0.05). Together, this study provides evidence for drug × stress cross-sensitization; moreover, random exposure to stimulants and/or stress cumulatively, while enhancing dopamine release in striatal areas, may contribute to a lowered set point for psychopathologies in which altered dopamine neurotransmission is invoked.</dcterms:abstract>
    <dcterms:issued>2016</dcterms:issued>
    <dc:creator>Sibon, Igor</dc:creator>
    <dc:contributor>Baker, Glen B.</dc:contributor>
    <dc:creator>Pruessner, Jens C.</dc:creator>
    <dc:creator>Welfeld, Krzysztof</dc:creator>
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    <dc:contributor>Pruessner, Jens C.</dc:contributor>
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