Pathological apoptosis in the developing brain

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2007
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Blomgren, Klas
Groc, Laurent
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Apoptosis. 2007, 12(5), pp. 993-1010. ISSN 1360-8185. Available under: doi: 10.1007/s10495-007-0754-4
Zusammenfassung

More than half of the initially-formed neurons are deleted in certain brain regions during normal development. This process, whereby cells are discretely removed without interfering with the further development of remaining cells, is called programmed cell death (PCD). The term apoptosis is used to describe certain morphological manifestations of PCD. Many of the effectors of this developmental cell death program are highly expressed in the developing brain, making it more susceptible to accidental activation of the death machinery, e.g. following hypoxia-ischemia or irradiation. Recent evidence suggests, however, that activation and regulation of cell death mechanisms under pathological conditions do not exactly mirror physiological, developmentally regulated PCD. It may be argued that the conditions after e.g. ischemia are not even compatible with the execution of PCD as we know it. Under pathological conditions cells are exposed to various stressors, including energy failure, oxidative stress and unbalanced ion fluxes. This results in parallel triggering and potential overshooting of several different cell death pathways, which then interact with one another and result in complex patterns of biochemical manifestations and cellular morphological features. These types of cell death are here called pathological apoptosis, where classical hallmarks of PCD, like pyknosis, nuclear condensation and caspase-3 activation, are combined with non-PCD features of cell death. Here we review our current knowledge of the mechanisms involved, with special focus on the potential for therapeutic intervention tailored to the needs of the developing brain.

Zusammenfassung in einer weiteren Sprache
Fachgebiet (DDC)
570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
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Brain development, Hypoxia-ischemia, Irradiation
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ISO 690BLOMGREN, Klas, Marcel LEIST, Laurent GROC, 2007. Pathological apoptosis in the developing brain. In: Apoptosis. 2007, 12(5), pp. 993-1010. ISSN 1360-8185. Available under: doi: 10.1007/s10495-007-0754-4
BibTex
@article{Blomgren2007-05Patho-7554,
  year={2007},
  doi={10.1007/s10495-007-0754-4},
  title={Pathological apoptosis in the developing brain},
  number={5},
  volume={12},
  issn={1360-8185},
  journal={Apoptosis},
  pages={993--1010},
  author={Blomgren, Klas and Leist, Marcel and Groc, Laurent}
}
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