Case Markers in Indo-Aryan

Butt, Miriam

Case Markers in Indo-Aryan

Dateien

Zu diesem Dokument gibt es keine Dateien.

Datum

2022

Publikationstyp

Beitrag zu einem Sammelband

Publikationsstatus

Published

Erschienen in

ARONOFF, Mark, ed.. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2022. Available under: doi: 10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.292

Zusammenfassung

Indo-Aryan languages have the longest documented historical record, with the earliest attested texts going back to 1900 bce. Old Indo-Aryan (Vedic, Sanskrit) had an inflectional case-marking system where nominatives functioned as subjects. Objects could be realized via several different case markers (depending on semantic and structural factors), but not the nominative. This inflectional system was lost over the course of several centuries during Middle Indo-Aryan, resulting in just a nominative–oblique inflectional distinction. The New Indo-Aryan languages innovated case markers and developed new case-marking systems. Like in Old Indo-Aryan, case is systematically used to express semantic differences via differential object marking constructions. However, unlike in Old Indo-Aryan, many of the New Indo-Aryan languages are ergative and all allow for non-nominative subjects, most prominently for experiencer subjects. Objects, on the other hand, can now also be unmarked (nominative), usually participating in differential object marking. The case-marking patterns within New Indo-Aryan and across time have given rise to a number of debates and analyses. The most prominent of these include issues of case alignment and language change, the distribution of ergative vs. accusative vs. nominative case, and discussions of markedness and differential case marking.

Fachgebiet (DDC)

400 Sprachwissenschaft, Linguistik

Schlagwörter

Indo-Aryan, South Asia, differential case marking, non-nominative subjects, case alignment, historical change, ergative, markedness, language contact, agreement

Zitieren

ISO 690

BUTT, Miriam, 2022. Case Markers in Indo-Aryan. In: ARONOFF, Mark, ed.. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2022. Available under: doi: 10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.292

BibTex

@incollection{Butt2022Marke-66674,
  year={2022},
  doi={10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.292},
  title={Case Markers in Indo-Aryan},
  publisher={Oxford University Press},
  address={Oxford},
  booktitle={Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics},
  editor={Aronoff, Mark},
  author={Butt, Miriam}
}

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