Assessment of the combined effects of chromium and benzene on the rat neuroendocrine and immune systems

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2022
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Karaulov, Alexander Viktorovich
Smolyagin, Alexander Ivanovich
Mikhailova, Irina Valeryevna
Stadnikov, Alexander Abramovich
Ermolina, Evgenia Vyacheslavovna
Filippova, Yulia Vladimirovna
Kuzmicheva, Natalia Aleksandrovna
Vlata, Zacharenia
Djordjevic, Aleksandra Buha
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Environmental Research. Elsevier. 2022, 207, 112096. ISSN 0013-9351. eISSN 1096-0953. Available under: doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112096
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This study assessed the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis and lymphoid organs (thymus, spleen, and bone marrow) of Wistar rats treated with a mixture of chromium and benzene. Animals were assessed at three time-points (45, 90 and 135 days) following oral mixture exposure. The hypothalamus-pituitary system was examined in light and electron microscopy. Lymphoid organs underwent a morphological assessment and the immunophenotype of splenocytes was characterized immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies. Splenocytes cytokine production of was determined by ELISA after Con-A stimulation. Combined exposure to chromium and benzene in average doses of 20 mg Cr (VI)/kg body weight/day and 0.6 ml benzene/kg body weight/day impaired the responsiveness of the central compartment of the HPA axis, as evidenced by functional activation of the secretory activity of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, which was not followed by a sufficient extrusion of nonapeptides at the neurohypophysis and hypothalamic median eminence. Chromium and benzene exposure reduced the thymus mass, thymocytes count, and caused a number of structural and functional changes indicative of transient thymus involution. In the spleen, exposure to both chemicals resulted in lymphoreticular hyperplasia and plasma cell-macrophage transformation (also observed in lymph nodes). Apoptosis of thymocytes and lymphocytes was also observed in T-zones of the spleen. Notably, the effects were similar to those observed earlier for the single agents, under the same experimental conditions, without evidence of additivity.

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ISO 690KARAULOV, Alexander Viktorovich, Alexander Ivanovich SMOLYAGIN, Irina Valeryevna MIKHAILOVA, Alexander Abramovich STADNIKOV, Evgenia Vyacheslavovna ERMOLINA, Yulia Vladimirovna FILIPPOVA, Natalia Aleksandrovna KUZMICHEVA, Zacharenia VLATA, Aleksandra Buha DJORDJEVIC, Thomas HARTUNG, 2022. Assessment of the combined effects of chromium and benzene on the rat neuroendocrine and immune systems. In: Environmental Research. Elsevier. 2022, 207, 112096. ISSN 0013-9351. eISSN 1096-0953. Available under: doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112096
BibTex
@article{Karaulov2022Asses-57334,
  year={2022},
  doi={10.1016/j.envres.2021.112096},
  title={Assessment of the combined effects of chromium and benzene on the rat neuroendocrine and immune systems},
  volume={207},
  issn={0013-9351},
  journal={Environmental Research},
  author={Karaulov, Alexander Viktorovich and Smolyagin, Alexander Ivanovich and Mikhailova, Irina Valeryevna and Stadnikov, Alexander Abramovich and Ermolina, Evgenia Vyacheslavovna and Filippova, Yulia Vladimirovna and Kuzmicheva, Natalia Aleksandrovna and Vlata, Zacharenia and Djordjevic, Aleksandra Buha and Hartung, Thomas},
  note={Article Number: 112096}
}
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