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Distinct and Dynamic Transcriptome Adaptations of iPSC-Generated Astrocytes after Cytokine Stimulation

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2022

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European Union (EU): 825759
European Union (EU): 964518
European Union (EU): 964537
European Union (EU): 681002

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Cells. MDPI. 2022, 11(17), 2644. eISSN 2073-4409. Available under: doi: 10.3390/cells11172644

Zusammenfassung

Astrocytes (ACs) do not only play a role in normal neurogenesis and brain homeostasis, but also in inflammatory and neurodevelopmental disorders. We studied here the different patterns of inflammatory activation triggered by cytokines in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived ACs. An optimized differentiation protocol provided non-inflamed ACs. These cells reacted to TNFα with a rapid translocation of NFκB, while AC precursors showed little response. Transcriptome changes were quantified at seven time points (2-72 h) after stimulation with TNFα, IFNγ or TNFα plus IFNγ. TNFα triggered a strong response within 2 h. It peaked from 12-24 h and reverted towards the ground state after 72 h. Activation by IFNγ was also rapid, but the response pattern differed from that of TNFα. For instance, several chemokines up-regulated by TNFα were not affected by IFNγ. Instead, MHC-II-related antigen presentation was drastically enhanced. The combination of the two cytokines led to a stronger and more persistent response. For instance, TRIB3 up-regulation by the combination of TNFα plus IFNγ may have slowed NFκB inactivation. Additionally, highly synergistic regulation was observed for inflammation modifiers, such as CASP4, and for STAT1-controlled genes. The combination of the cytokines also increased oxidative stress markers (e.g., CHAC1), led to phenotypic changes in ACs and triggered markers related to cell death. In summary, these data demonstrate that there is a large bandwidth of pro-inflammatory AC states, and that single markers are not suitable to describe AC activation or their modulation in disease, development and therapy.

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570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

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astrocytes; iPSC; inflammation; cytokines; dynamic transcriptome changes

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ISO 690SPRENG, Anna-Sophie, Markus BRÜLL, Heidrun LEISNER, Ilinca SUCIU, Marcel LEIST, 2022. Distinct and Dynamic Transcriptome Adaptations of iPSC-Generated Astrocytes after Cytokine Stimulation. In: Cells. MDPI. 2022, 11(17), 2644. eISSN 2073-4409. Available under: doi: 10.3390/cells11172644
BibTex
@article{Spreng2022Disti-58618,
  year={2022},
  doi={10.3390/cells11172644},
  title={Distinct and Dynamic Transcriptome Adaptations of iPSC-Generated Astrocytes after Cytokine Stimulation},
  number={17},
  volume={11},
  journal={Cells},
  author={Spreng, Anna-Sophie and Brüll, Markus and Leisner, Heidrun and Suciu, Ilinca and Leist, Marcel},
  note={Article Number: 2644}
}
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