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Great apes and human children rationally monitor their decisions

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2022

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O'Madagain, Cathal
Helming, Katharina A.
Shupe, Eli
Call, Josep
Tomasello, Michael

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Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B : Biological Sciences. Royal Society of London. 2022, 289(1971), 20212686. ISSN 0962-8452. eISSN 1471-2954. Available under: doi: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2686

Zusammenfassung

Several species can detect when they are uncertain about what decision to make—revealed by opting out of the choice, or by seeking more information before deciding. However, we do not know whether any nonhuman animals recognize when they need more information to make a decision because new evidence contradicts an already-formed belief. Here, we explore this ability in great apes and human children. First, we show that after great apes saw new evidence contradicting their belief about which of two rewards was greater, they stopped to recheck the evidence for their belief before deciding. This indicates the ability to keep track of the reasons for their decisions, or 'rational monitoring' of the decision-making process. Children did the same at 5 years of age, but not at 3 years. In a second study, participants formed a belief about a reward's location, but then a social partner contradicted them, by picking the opposite location. This time even 3-year-old children rechecked the evidence, while apes ignored the disagreement. While apes were sensitive only to the conflict in physical evidence, the youngest children were more sensitive to peer disagreement than conflicting physical evidence.

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150 Psychologie

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ISO 690O'MADAGAIN, Cathal, Katharina A. HELMING, Marco F. H. SCHMIDT, Eli SHUPE, Josep CALL, Michael TOMASELLO, 2022. Great apes and human children rationally monitor their decisions. In: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B : Biological Sciences. Royal Society of London. 2022, 289(1971), 20212686. ISSN 0962-8452. eISSN 1471-2954. Available under: doi: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2686
BibTex
@article{OMadagain2022-03-30Great-57437,
  year={2022},
  doi={10.1098/rspb.2021.2686},
  title={Great apes and human children rationally monitor their decisions},
  number={1971},
  volume={289},
  issn={0962-8452},
  journal={Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B : Biological Sciences},
  author={O'Madagain, Cathal and Helming, Katharina A. and Schmidt, Marco F. H. and Shupe, Eli and Call, Josep and Tomasello, Michael},
  note={Article Number: 20212686}
}
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