Turning-On of Coumarin Phosphorescence in Acetylacetonato Platinum Complexes of Cyclometalated Pyridyl-Substituted Coumarins

Abstract

Two pyridine-functionalized coumarins differing with respect to the site of pyridine attachment to the coumarin dye (3 in L1 or 7 in L2) and with respect to the presence (L1) or absence (L2) of a peripheral NMe2 donor were prepared and used as cyclometalating ligands towards the Pt(acac) fragment. X-ray crystal structures of complexes 1 and 2 show strong intermolecular interactions by π-stacking and short Pt∙∙∙Pt or C-H∙∙∙O hydrogen bonding that result in the formation of sheetlike packing patterns. The NMe2 donor substituent has a profound influence on the absorption and emission properties of the free coumarin dyes; L1 emits strongly while L2 is only weakly emissive. On binding to Pt(acac) the strong fluorescence of L1 is partially quenched while coumarin phosphorescence is observed from cyclometalated L1 and L2. The ligand-centered nature of the LUMO was confirmed by IR spectroelectrochemistry while the assignment of the phosphorescence emission as ligand-based rests on the vibrational structuring, the negligible solvatochromism, the small temperature-induced Stokes shifts on cooling to 77 K, the emission lifetimes, and strong oxygen quenching. (TD-)DFT calculations confirm our experimental results and provide an assignment of the electronic transitions and the spin density distributions in the T1 state.