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Environmental and Intestinal Phylum Firmicutes Bacteria Metabolize the Plant Sugar Sulfoquinovose via a 6-Deoxy-6-sulfofructose Transaldolase Pathway

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iScience. Elsevier. 2020, 23(9), 101510. eISSN 2589-0042. Available under: doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101510

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Bacterial degradation of the sugar sulfoquinovose (SQ, 6-deoxy-6-sulfoglucose) produced by plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, is an important component of the biogeochemical carbon and sulfur cycles. Here, we reveal a third biochemical pathway for primary SQ degradation in an aerobic Bacillus aryabhattai strain. An isomerase converts SQ to 6-deoxy-6-sulfofructose (SF). A novel transaldolase enzyme cleaves the SF to 3-sulfolactaldehyde (SLA), while the non-sulfonated C3-(glycerone)-moiety is transferred to an acceptor molecule, glyceraldehyde phosphate (GAP), yielding fructose-6-phosphate (F6P). Intestinal anaerobic bacteria such as Enterococcus gilvus, Clostridium symbiosum, and Eubacterium rectale strains also express transaldolase pathway gene clusters during fermentative growth with SQ. The now three known biochemical strategies for SQ catabolism reflect adaptations to the aerobic or anaerobic lifestyle of the different bacteria. The occurrence of these pathways in intestinal (family) Enterobacteriaceae and (phylum) Firmicutes strains further highlights a potential importance of metabolism of green-diet SQ by gut microbial communities to, ultimately, hydrogen sulfide.

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ISO 690FROMMEYER, Benjamin, Alexander W. FIEDLER, Sebastian R. OEHLER, Buck T. HANSON, Alexander LOY, Paolo FRANCHINI, Dieter SPITELLER, David SCHLEHECK, 2020. Environmental and Intestinal Phylum Firmicutes Bacteria Metabolize the Plant Sugar Sulfoquinovose via a 6-Deoxy-6-sulfofructose Transaldolase Pathway. In: iScience. Elsevier. 2020, 23(9), 101510. eISSN 2589-0042. Available under: doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101510
BibTex
@article{Frommeyer2020-08-28Envir-51025,
  year={2020},
  doi={10.1016/j.isci.2020.101510},
  title={Environmental and Intestinal Phylum Firmicutes Bacteria Metabolize the Plant Sugar Sulfoquinovose via a 6-Deoxy-6-sulfofructose Transaldolase Pathway},
  number={9},
  volume={23},
  journal={iScience},
  author={Frommeyer, Benjamin and Fiedler, Alexander W. and Oehler, Sebastian R. and Hanson, Buck T. and Loy, Alexander and Franchini, Paolo and Spiteller, Dieter and Schleheck, David},
  note={Article Number: 101510}
}
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