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Phenotypic but no genetic adaptation in zooplankton 24 years after an abrupt +10 degrees C climate change

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2022

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Pais-Costa, Antonia Juliana
Redon, Stella
Sanchez, Marta I.
Jabbour-Zahab, Roula
Joncour, Pauline
Van Hoa, Nguyen
Van Stappen, Gilbert
Lenormand, Thomas

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Evolution Letters. Wiley Interscience. 2022, 6(4), pp. 284-294. ISSN 2056-3744. eISSN 2056-3744. Available under: doi: 10.1002/evl3.280

Zusammenfassung

The climate is currently warming fast, threatening biodiversity all over the globe. Populations often adapt rapidly to environmentalchange, but for climate warming very little evidence is available. Here, we investigate the pattern of adaptation to an extreme+10°C climate change in the wild, following the introduction of brine shrimpArtemia franciscanafrom San Francisco Bay, USA, toVinh Chau saltern in Vietnam. We use a resurrection ecology approach, hatching diapause eggs from the ancestral population andthe introduced population after 13 and 24 years (∼54 and∼100 generations, respectively). In a series of coordinated experiments,we determined whether the introducedArtemiashow increased tolerance to higher temperatures, and the extent to which geneticadaptation, developmental plasticity, transgenerational effects, and local microbiome differences contributed to this tolerance. Wefind that introduced brine shrimp do show increased phenotypic tolerance to warming. Yet strikingly, these changes do not havea detectable additive genetic component, are not caused by mitochondrial genetic variation, and do not seem to be caused byepigenetic marks set by adult parents exposed to warming. Further, we do not find any developmental plasticity that would helpcope with warming, nor any protective effect of heat-tolerant local microbiota. The evolved thermal tolerance might therefore beentirely due to transgenerational (great)grandparental effects, possibly epigenetic marks set by parents who were exposed to hightemperatures as juveniles. This study is a striking example of “missing heritability,” where a large adaptive phenotypic change isnot accompanied by additive genetic effects.

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570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

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Additive genetic effect, climate change, microbiota, missing heritability, plasticity, resurrection ecology, thermal tolerance, transgenerational epigenetic effects

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ISO 690PAIS-COSTA, Antonia Juliana, Eva J. P. LIEVENS, Stella REDON, Marta I. SANCHEZ, Roula JABBOUR-ZAHAB, Pauline JONCOUR, Nguyen VAN HOA, Gilbert VAN STAPPEN, Thomas LENORMAND, 2022. Phenotypic but no genetic adaptation in zooplankton 24 years after an abrupt +10 degrees C climate change. In: Evolution Letters. Wiley Interscience. 2022, 6(4), pp. 284-294. ISSN 2056-3744. eISSN 2056-3744. Available under: doi: 10.1002/evl3.280
BibTex
@article{PaisCosta2022-08Pheno-58092,
  year={2022},
  doi={10.1002/evl3.280},
  title={Phenotypic but no genetic adaptation in zooplankton 24 years after an abrupt +10 degrees C climate change},
  number={4},
  volume={6},
  issn={2056-3744},
  journal={Evolution Letters},
  pages={284--294},
  author={Pais-Costa, Antonia Juliana and Lievens, Eva J. P. and Redon, Stella and Sanchez, Marta I. and Jabbour-Zahab, Roula and Joncour, Pauline and Van Hoa, Nguyen and Van Stappen, Gilbert and Lenormand, Thomas}
}
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