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Model for contact formation of novel TeO2 containing Pb-free silver paste on n+ and p+ doped crystalline silicon

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2023

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Johnson, Simon
Sutton, Patricia
Goode, Angela
Booth, Jonathan

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EPJ Photovoltaics. EDP Sciences. 2023, 14, 8. eISSN 2105-0716. Available under: doi: 10.1051/epjpv/2022034

Zusammenfassung

Silver (Ag) pastes are widely used in the global market for most solar cell architectures. Thereby, lead (Pb) is no longer wanted in productions for environmental reasons. In this work, a model for the contact formation between Pb-free, tellurium oxide (TeO2) containing screen-printable Ag pastes and silicon is presented. It is shown that Te plays a key role in this model. Te is not only an important part in etching the surface passivation layers with TeO2 dissolving the dielectric layer but also for a formation of the contacts with Te forming a compound consisting of Ag2Te. Using EDX mapping, local contact regions can be examined and interpreted for contact formation. The used paste system enables far more flexible paste mixturing leading to a novel developed commercial paste which is on a par with other pastes used in industry concerning the resulting contact properties. This is also demonstrated in this work by the very low contact resistivity of less than 1 mΩcm2 over a wide range of firing peak temperatures. It is additionally shown that good resistivities can be achieved on both n+- and p+-doped regions.

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530 Physik

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Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

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ISO 690GEML, Fabian, Benjamin GAPP, Simon JOHNSON, Patricia SUTTON, Angela GOODE, Jonathan BOOTH, Heiko PLAGWITZ, Giso HAHN, 2023. Model for contact formation of novel TeO2 containing Pb-free silver paste on n+ and p+ doped crystalline silicon. In: EPJ Photovoltaics. EDP Sciences. 2023, 14, 8. eISSN 2105-0716. Available under: doi: 10.1051/epjpv/2022034
BibTex
@article{Geml2023Model-66020,
  year={2023},
  doi={10.1051/epjpv/2022034},
  title={Model for contact formation of novel TeO<sub>2</sub> containing Pb-free silver paste on n<sup>+</sup> and p<sup>+</sup> doped crystalline silicon},
  volume={14},
  journal={EPJ Photovoltaics},
  author={Geml, Fabian and Gapp, Benjamin and Johnson, Simon and Sutton, Patricia and Goode, Angela and Booth, Jonathan and Plagwitz, Heiko and Hahn, Giso},
  note={Article Number: 8}
}
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