Denitrification Aligns with N2 Fixation in Red Sea Corals

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2019
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Tilstra, Arjen
El‐Khaled, Yusuf C.
Roth, Florian
Wild, Christian
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https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55408-z
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Scientific reports. 2019, 9(1), 19460. eISSN 2045-2322. Available under: doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-55408-z
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Denitrification may potentially alleviate excess nitrogen (N) availability in coral holobionts to maintain a favourable N to phosphorous ratio in the coral tissue. However, little is known about the abundance and activity of denitrifiers in the coral holobiont. The present study used the nirS marker gene as a proxy for denitrification potential along with measurements of denitrification rates in a comparative coral taxonomic framework from the Red Sea: Acropora hemprichii, Millepora dichotoma, and Pleuractis granulosa. Relative nirS gene copy numbers associated with the tissues of these common corals were assessed and compared with denitrification rates on the holobiont level. In addition, dinitrogen (N2) fixation rates, Symbiodiniaceae cell density, and oxygen evolution were assessed to provide an environmental context for denitrification. We found that relative abundances of the nirS gene were 16- and 17-fold higher in A. hemprichii compared to M. dichotoma and P. granulosa, respectively. In concordance, highest denitrification rates were measured in A. hemprichii, followed by M. dichotoma and P. granulosa. Denitrification rates were positively correlated with N2 fixation rates and Symbiodiniaceae cell densities. Our results suggest that denitrification may counterbalance the N input from N2 fixation in the coral holobiont, and we hypothesize that these processes may be limited by photosynthates released by the Symbiodiniaceae.

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ISO 690TILSTRA, Arjen, Yusuf C. EL‐KHALED, Florian ROTH, Nils RÄDECKER, Claudia POGOREUTZ, Christian R. VOOLSTRA, Christian WILD, 2019. Denitrification Aligns with N2 Fixation in Red Sea Corals. In: Scientific reports. 2019, 9(1), 19460. eISSN 2045-2322. Available under: doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-55408-z
BibTex
@article{Tilstra2019-12-19Denit-48167,
  year={2019},
  doi={10.1038/s41598-019-55408-z},
  title={Denitrification Aligns with N<sub>2</sub> Fixation in Red Sea Corals},
  number={1},
  volume={9},
  journal={Scientific reports},
  author={Tilstra, Arjen and El‐Khaled, Yusuf C. and Roth, Florian and Rädecker, Nils and Pogoreutz, Claudia and Voolstra, Christian R. and Wild, Christian},
  note={Article Number: 19460}
}
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    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">Denitrification may potentially alleviate excess nitrogen (N) availability in coral holobionts to maintain a favourable N to phosphorous ratio in the coral tissue. However, little is known about the abundance and activity of denitrifiers in the coral holobiont. The present study used the nirS marker gene as a proxy for denitrification potential along with measurements of denitrification rates in a comparative coral taxonomic framework from the Red Sea: Acropora hemprichii, Millepora dichotoma, and Pleuractis granulosa. Relative nirS gene copy numbers associated with the tissues of these common corals were assessed and compared with denitrification rates on the holobiont level. In addition, dinitrogen (N2) fixation rates, Symbiodiniaceae cell density, and oxygen evolution were assessed to provide an environmental context for denitrification. We found that relative abundances of the nirS gene were 16- and 17-fold higher in A. hemprichii compared to M. dichotoma and P. granulosa, respectively. In concordance, highest denitrification rates were measured in A. hemprichii, followed by M. dichotoma and P. granulosa. Denitrification rates were positively correlated with N2 fixation rates and Symbiodiniaceae cell densities. Our results suggest that denitrification may counterbalance the N input from N2 fixation in the coral holobiont, and we hypothesize that these processes may be limited by photosynthates released by the Symbiodiniaceae.</dcterms:abstract>
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