Publikation: Differential regulation of msx genes in the development of the gonopodium, an intromittent organ, and of the sword, a sexually selected trait of swordtail fishes (Xiphophorus)
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The possession of a conspicuous extension of colored ventral rays of the caudal fin in male fish of swordtails (genus Xiphophorus) is a prominent example for a trait that evolved by sexual selection. To understand the evolutionary history of this so-called sword molecularly, it is of interest to unravel the developmental pathways responsible for extended growth of sword rays during development of swordtail males. We isolated two msx genes and showed that they are differentially regulated during sword outgrowth. During sword growth in juvenile males, as well as during testosteroneinduced sword development and fin ray regeneration in the sword after amputation, expression of msxC is markedly upregulated in the sword forming fin rays. In contrast, msxE/1 is not differentially expressed in ventral and dorsal male fin rays, suggesting a link between the development of male secondary sexual characters in fins and up-regulation of msxC expression. In addition, we showed that msx gene expression patterns differ significantly between Xiphophorus and zebrafish. We also included in our study the gonopodium, a testosteronedependent anal fin modification that serves as a fertilization organ in males of live-bearing fishes. Our finding that increased levels of msxC expression are associated with the testosterone-induced outgrowth of the gonopodium might suggest either that at least parts of the signaling pathways that pattern the evolutionary older gonopodium have been coopted to evolve a sexually selected innovation such as the sword or that increased msxC expression may be inherent to the growth process of long fin rays in general.
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ZAUNER, Hans, Gerrit BEGEMANN, Manuel MARI´-BEFFA, Axel MEYER, 2003. Differential regulation of msx genes in the development of the gonopodium, an intromittent organ, and of the sword, a sexually selected trait of swordtail fishes (Xiphophorus). In: Evolution and Development. 2003, 5(5), pp. 466-477. ISSN 1520-541X. eISSN 1525-142X. Available under: doi: 10.1046/j.1525-142X.2003.03053.xBibTex
@article{Zauner2003Diffe-7186, year={2003}, doi={10.1046/j.1525-142X.2003.03053.x}, title={Differential regulation of msx genes in the development of the gonopodium, an intromittent organ, and of the sword, a sexually selected trait of swordtail fishes (Xiphophorus)}, number={5}, volume={5}, issn={1520-541X}, journal={Evolution and Development}, pages={466--477}, author={Zauner, Hans and Begemann, Gerrit and Marı´-Beffa, Manuel and Meyer, Axel} }
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