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Stress-induced cortical dopamine response is altered in subjects at clinical high risk for psychosis using cannabis

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2020

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Schifani, Christin
Tseng, Huai-Hsuan
Rao, Naren
Tagore, Abanti
Wilson, Alan A.
Houle, Sylvain
Rusjan, Pablo M.
Mizrahi, Romina

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Addiction biology. Wiley. 2020, 25(4), e12812. ISSN 1355-6215. eISSN 1369-1600. Available under: doi: 10.1111/adb.12812

Zusammenfassung

Stress and cannabis use are risk factors for the development of psychosis. We have previously shown that subjects at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) exhibit a higher striatal dopamine response to stress compared with healthy volunteers (HV), with chronic cannabis use blunting this response. However, it is unknown if this abnormal dopamine response extends to the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Here, we investigated dorsolateral PFC (dlPFC) and medial PFC (mPFC) dopamine release using [11 C]FLB457 positron emission tomography (PET) and a validated stress task. Thirty-three participants completed two PET scans (14 CHR without cannabis use, eight CHR regular cannabis users [CHR-CUs] and 11 HV) while performing a Sensory Motor Control Task (control scan) and the Montreal Imaging Stress Task (stress scan). Stress-induced dopamine release (ΔBPND ) was defined as percent change in D2/3 receptor binding potential between both scans using a novel correction for injected mass of [11 C]FLB457. ΔBPND was significantly different between groups in mPFC (F(2,30) = 5.40, .010), with CHR-CUs exhibiting lower ΔBPND compared with CHR (.008). Similarly, salivary cortisol response (ΔAUCI ) was significantly lower in CHR-CU compared with CHR (F(2,29) = 5.08, .013; post hoc .018) and positively associated with ΔBPND . Furthermore, CHR-CUs had higher attenuated psychotic symptoms than CHR following the stress task, which were negatively associated with ΔBPND . Length of cannabis use was negatively associated with ΔBPND in mPFC when controlling for current cannabis use. Given the global trend to legalize cannabis, this study is important as it highlights the effects of regular cannabis use on cortical dopamine function in high-risk youth.

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Fachgebiet (DDC)
150 Psychologie

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clinical high risk, dopamine, positron, emission tomography, prefrontal cortex, stress

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ISO 690SCHIFANI, Christin, Jens C. PRUESSNER, Huai-Hsuan TSENG, Naren RAO, Abanti TAGORE, Alan A. WILSON, Sylvain HOULE, Pablo M. RUSJAN, Romina MIZRAHI, 2020. Stress-induced cortical dopamine response is altered in subjects at clinical high risk for psychosis using cannabis. In: Addiction biology. Wiley. 2020, 25(4), e12812. ISSN 1355-6215. eISSN 1369-1600. Available under: doi: 10.1111/adb.12812
BibTex
@article{Schifani2020-07Stres-46678,
  year={2020},
  doi={10.1111/adb.12812},
  title={Stress-induced cortical dopamine response is altered in subjects at clinical high risk for psychosis using cannabis},
  number={4},
  volume={25},
  issn={1355-6215},
  journal={Addiction biology},
  author={Schifani, Christin and Pruessner, Jens C. and Tseng, Huai-Hsuan and Rao, Naren and Tagore, Abanti and Wilson, Alan  A. and Houle, Sylvain and Rusjan, Pablo M. and Mizrahi, Romina},
  note={Article Number: e12812}
}
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