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Negative and Positive Polarity Items

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2020

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PUTNAM, Michael T., ed., B. Richard PAGE, ed.. The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020, pp. 639-660. ISBN 978-1-108-42186-7. Available under: doi: 10.1017/9781108378291.028

Zusammenfassung

As many, if not all, other languages, the Germanic languages have expressions that are sensitive to the polarity of the clause in which they occur. Negative polarity items (NPIs) can only occur in clauses that are in some sense negative, whereas positive polarity items (PPIs) can only occur in clauses that are affirmative. This chapter reviews some lines of inquiry on polarity sensitive items that have been developed within the framework of generative grammar. It is shown that syntax, semantics, and pragmatics closely interact in the constraints that govern the distribution of polarity items. Questions addressed include the following: What are the lexical properties of polarity sensitive items? How can the environments in which NPIs can occur and PPIs cannot occur be characterized as natural class? How is the licensing condition to be formulated? Why are polarity items sensitive to the polarity of the context in which they occur?

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400 Sprachwissenschaft, Linguistik

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polarity sensitivity, negative polarity item, positive polarity item, negation, downward entailment

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ISO 690PENKA, Doris, 2020. Negative and Positive Polarity Items. In: PUTNAM, Michael T., ed., B. Richard PAGE, ed.. The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020, pp. 639-660. ISBN 978-1-108-42186-7. Available under: doi: 10.1017/9781108378291.028
BibTex
@incollection{Penka2020Negat-52935,
  year={2020},
  doi={10.1017/9781108378291.028},
  title={Negative and Positive Polarity Items},
  isbn={978-1-108-42186-7},
  publisher={Cambridge University Press},
  address={Cambridge},
  booktitle={The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics},
  pages={639--660},
  editor={Putnam, Michael T. and Page, B. Richard},
  author={Penka, Doris}
}
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