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The many readings of many : POS in the reverse proportional reading

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Linguistics and Philosophy. Springer Science. 2021, 44, pp. 281-321. ISSN 0165-0157. eISSN 1573-0549. Available under: doi: 10.1007/s10988-019-09288-1

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Besides their ordinary cardinal and proportional meanings, many and few have been argued to allow for a ‘reverse proportional’ reading (Westerståhl in Linguist and Philos 8:387–413, 1985). This reading has later been characterised in two opposite directions: Cohen’s (Nat Lang Semant 69:41–67, 2001) reading where the proportion |P∩Q|:|P| matters and Herburger’s (Nat Lang Semant 5:53–78, 1997) where it does not. We develop a compositional analysis that derives the correct truth conditions for both characterisations of Westerståhl-style sentences while (i) maintaining conservativity, (ii) assuming a standard syntax/semantics mapping and (iii) reducing their context-dependence to mechanisms independently needed for degree constructions in general. In a nutshell, mirroring the decomposition of other degree expressions like tall, many is decomposed into the parametrized determiner many and the operator POS, where POS combines with a contextually salient comparison class C matching the alternatives triggered by some element XALT in the sentence. Non-reverse readings obtain when XALT is external to the original host NP and reverse readings when XALT is internal to the host NP. Cohen’s (2001) (amended) truth conditions for Westerståhl-style sentences are derived as a (true) reverse proportional reading and Herburger’s (1997) interpretation as a sub-case of the non-reverse cardinal reading.

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ISO 690ROMERO, Maribel, 2021. The many readings of many : POS in the reverse proportional reading. In: Linguistics and Philosophy. Springer Science. 2021, 44, pp. 281-321. ISSN 0165-0157. eISSN 1573-0549. Available under: doi: 10.1007/s10988-019-09288-1
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@article{Romero2021readi-53388,
  year={2021},
  doi={10.1007/s10988-019-09288-1},
  title={The many readings of many : POS in the reverse proportional reading},
  volume={44},
  issn={0165-0157},
  journal={Linguistics and Philosophy},
  pages={281--321},
  author={Romero, Maribel}
}
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