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Heat stress destabilizes symbiotic nutrient cycling in corals

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Raedecker_2-rolr3owdsm210.pdf
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2021

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Gegner, Hagen M.
Roth, Florian
Bougoure, Jeremy
Guagliardo, Paul
Wild, Christian
Pernice, Mathieu
et al.

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. National Academy of Sciences. 2021, 118(5), e2022653118. ISSN 0027-8424. eISSN 1091-6490. Available under: doi: 10.1073/pnas.2022653118

Zusammenfassung

Recurrent mass bleaching events are pushing coral reefs worldwide to the brink of ecological collapse. While the symptoms and consequences of this breakdown of the coral-algal symbiosis have been extensively characterized, our understanding of the underlying causes remains incomplete. Here, we investigated the nutrient fluxes and the physiological as well as molecular responses of the widespread coral Stylophora pistillata to heat stress prior to the onset of bleaching to identify processes involved in the breakdown of the coral-algal symbiosis. We show that altered nutrient cycling during heat stress is a primary driver of the functional breakdown of the symbiosis. Heat stress increased the metabolic energy demand of the coral host, which was compensated by the catabolic degradation of amino acids. The resulting shift from net uptake to release of ammonium by the coral holobiont subsequently promoted the growth of algal symbionts and retention of photosynthates. Together, these processes form a feedback loop that will gradually lead to the decoupling of carbon translocation from the symbiont to the host. Energy limitation and altered symbiotic nutrient cycling are thus key factors in the early heat stress response, directly contributing to the breakdown of the coral-algal symbiosis. Interpreting the stability of the coral holobiont in light of its metabolic interactions provides a missing link in our understanding of the environmental drivers of bleaching and may ultimately help uncover fundamental processes underpinning the functioning of endosymbioses in general.

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Fachgebiet (DDC)
570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

Schlagwörter

coral bleaching, endosymbiosis, metabolic interaction, resource competition, selfish symbiont

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ISO 690RÄDECKER, Nils, Claudia POGOREUTZ, Hagen M. GEGNER, Anny CÁRDENAS, Florian ROTH, Jeremy BOUGOURE, Paul GUAGLIARDO, Christian WILD, Mathieu PERNICE, Christian R. VOOLSTRA, 2021. Heat stress destabilizes symbiotic nutrient cycling in corals. In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. National Academy of Sciences. 2021, 118(5), e2022653118. ISSN 0027-8424. eISSN 1091-6490. Available under: doi: 10.1073/pnas.2022653118
BibTex
@article{Radecker2021-02-02stres-52848,
  year={2021},
  doi={10.1073/pnas.2022653118},
  title={Heat stress destabilizes symbiotic nutrient cycling in corals},
  number={5},
  volume={118},
  issn={0027-8424},
  journal={Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
  author={Rädecker, Nils and Pogoreutz, Claudia and Gegner, Hagen M. and Cárdenas, Anny and Roth, Florian and Bougoure, Jeremy and Guagliardo, Paul and Wild, Christian and Pernice, Mathieu and Voolstra, Christian R.},
  note={Article Number: e2022653118}
}
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