The state of the scientific revolution in toxicology

Hartung, Thomas; Tsatsakis, Aristides M.

The state of the scientific revolution in toxicology

Dateien

Hartung_2-r2rqclfbg1zk3.pdfGröße: 854.35 KBDownloads: 220

Datum

2021

Autor:innen

Hartung, Thomas

Tsatsakis, Aristides M.

Open Access-Veröffentlichung

Open Access Gold

Sammlungen

Biologie

Publikationstyp

Zeitschriftenartikel

Publikationsstatus

Published

Erschienen in

Alternatives to Animal Experimentation : ALTEX. Springer Spektrum. 2021, 38(3), pp. 379-386. ISSN 1868-596X. eISSN 1868-8551. Available under: doi: 10.14573/altex.2106101

Zusammenfassung

Science changes in waves, the so-called paradigm shifts or scientific revolutions. This concept was prominently elaborated by Thomas S. Kuhn more than 50 years ago in what remains one of the most cited science philosophy books of all time. Kuhn described how “normal science” experiences anomalies, which bring it to crisis and revolution from which a new, immature scientific paradigm results, which over time becomes the new normal. Building on an analysis on how this applies to toxicology and its change in approach in 2008, we concluded at the time that toxicology had encountered a number of such anomalies and was moving into crisis. Here, the progress along Kuhn’s trajectory over the last 12 years of a scientific revolution is discussed. We conclude that this decade has shown up even more anomalies, and the perception of crisis has spread and consolidated. Indications of revolutionary paradigm changes are emerging.

Fachgebiet (DDC)

370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

Zitieren

ISO 690

HARTUNG, Thomas, Aristides M. TSATSAKIS, 2021. The state of the scientific revolution in toxicology. In: Alternatives to Animal Experimentation : ALTEX. Springer Spektrum. 2021, 38(3), pp. 379-386. ISSN 1868-596X. eISSN 1868-8551. Available under: doi: 10.14573/altex.2106101

BibTex

@article{Hartung2021state-54517,
  year={2021},
  doi={10.14573/altex.2106101},
  title={The state of the scientific revolution in toxicology},
  number={3},
  volume={38},
  issn={1868-596X},
  journal={Alternatives to Animal Experimentation : ALTEX},
  pages={379--386},
  author={Hartung, Thomas and Tsatsakis, Aristides M.}
}

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