Self-efficacy as a mediator between physical and psychological factors in the disease management of patients with occupational respiratory diseases : a structural equation model

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2016
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Müller, Katrin
Kotschy-Lang, Nicola
Wagner, Petra
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European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare. 2016, 4(3), pp. 497-508. ISSN 2052-5648. eISSN 2052-5656. Available under: doi: 10.5750/ejpch.v4i3.1134
Zusammenfassung

Objectives: Sustaining physical capacity and reducing psychological symptoms are important, person-centered aims in the disease management of patients with occupational lung diseases. Self-efficacy is an individual resource that appears crucial in disease management. The objective of this study is to explore the association between the severity of disease, psychological risk, self-efficacy and physical capacity.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 197 patients (age: M = 69.9 years) with occupational lung diseases were included at the beginning of inpatient rehabilitation. The parameters were objectively (FEV1%pred, FVC%pred) and subjectively measured severity of disease (mMRC), psychological risk (HADS-D, CRQ Emotion), self-efficacy (CSES-D) and physical capacity (6MWD).

Results: Illness-specific self-efficacy is significantly correlated with FEV1%pred, FVC%pred, perceived dyspnoea, depression, anxiety and physical capacity. Structural equation models revealed a negative effect of psychological risk on physical capacity mediated by self-efficacy with a good model fit.

Conclusions: The results emphasize the relevance of patients’ self-efficacy in the disease management of occupational lung diseases. Self-efficacy directly affects physical capacity and mediates the effect of psychological health on physical capacity. Psychological risk factors such as depressive symptoms are negatively related to self-efficacy in managing lung disease in difficult situations. However, self-efficacy is a psychological resource which is positively related to physical capacity. Therefore, our results suggest that promoting self-efficacy during rehabilitation could improve disease management in patients with occupational lung diseases.

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796 Sport
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Cognitive behavioural therapy, disease management, interpersonal psychotherapy, occupational respiratory diseases, person-centered healthcare, physical capacity, psychological risk, self-efficacy, severity of diseases, structural equation model
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ISO 690MÜLLER, Katrin, Christina NIERMANN, Nicola KOTSCHY-LANG, Petra WAGNER, 2016. Self-efficacy as a mediator between physical and psychological factors in the disease management of patients with occupational respiratory diseases : a structural equation model. In: European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare. 2016, 4(3), pp. 497-508. ISSN 2052-5648. eISSN 2052-5656. Available under: doi: 10.5750/ejpch.v4i3.1134
BibTex
@article{Muller2016-09-29Selfe-40321,
  year={2016},
  doi={10.5750/ejpch.v4i3.1134},
  title={Self-efficacy as a mediator between physical and psychological factors in the disease management of patients with occupational respiratory diseases : a structural equation model},
  number={3},
  volume={4},
  issn={2052-5648},
  journal={European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare},
  pages={497--508},
  author={Müller, Katrin and Niermann, Christina and Kotschy-Lang, Nicola and Wagner, Petra}
}
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    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">Objectives: Sustaining physical capacity and reducing psychological symptoms are important, person-centered aims in the disease management of patients with occupational lung diseases. Self-efficacy is an individual resource that appears crucial in disease management. The objective of this study is to explore the association between the severity of disease, psychological risk, self-efficacy and physical capacity.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 197 patients (age: M = 69.9 years) with occupational lung diseases were included at the beginning of inpatient rehabilitation. The parameters were objectively (FEV&lt;sub&gt;1%pred&lt;/sub&gt;, FVC%pred) and subjectively measured severity of disease (mMRC), psychological risk (HADS-D, CRQ Emotion), self-efficacy (CSES-D) and physical capacity (6MWD).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Results: Illness-specific self-efficacy is significantly correlated with FEV&lt;sub&gt;1%pred&lt;/sub&gt;, FVC%pred, perceived dyspnoea, depression, anxiety and physical capacity. Structural equation models revealed a negative effect of psychological risk on physical capacity mediated by self-efficacy with a good model fit.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Conclusions: The results emphasize the relevance of patients’ self-efficacy in the disease management of occupational lung diseases. Self-efficacy directly affects physical capacity and mediates the effect of psychological health on physical capacity. Psychological risk factors such as depressive symptoms are negatively related to self-efficacy in managing lung disease in difficult situations. However, self-efficacy is a psychological resource which is positively related to physical capacity. Therefore, our results suggest that promoting self-efficacy during rehabilitation could improve disease management in patients with occupational lung diseases.</dcterms:abstract>
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