@article{Futscher2019-08-12Quant-46800,
  year={2019},
  doi={10.1039/C9MH00445A},
  title={Quantification of ion migration in CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> perovskite solar cells by transient capacitance measurements},
  number={7},
  volume={6},
  issn={2051-6347},
  journal={Materials Horizons},
  pages={1497--1503},
  author={Futscher, Moritz H. and Lee, Ju Min and McGovern, Lucie and Muscarella, Loreta A. and Wang, Tianyi and Haider, Muhammad Irfan and Fakharuddin, Azhar and Schmidt-Mende, Lukas and Ehrler, Bruno}
}

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    <dc:contributor>McGovern, Lucie</dc:contributor>
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    <dc:contributor>Ehrler, Bruno</dc:contributor>
    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">Ion migration in halide perovskite films leads to device degradation and impedes large scale commercial applications. We use transient ion-drift measurements to quantify activation energy, diffusion coefficient, and concentration of mobile ions in methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) perovskite solar cells, and find that their properties change close to the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic phase transition temperature. We identify three migrating ion species which we attribute to the migration of iodide (I&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;) and methylammonium (MA&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;). We find that the concentration of mobile MA&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; ions is one order of magnitude higher than the one of mobile I&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt; ions, and that the diffusion coefficient of mobile MA&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; ions is three orders of magnitude lower than the one for mobile I− ions in our samples. This quantification of mobile ions in MAPbI&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; will lead to a better understanding of ion migration and its role in operation and degradation of perovskite solar cells.</dcterms:abstract>
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    <dcterms:issued>2019-08-12</dcterms:issued>
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    <dcterms:title>Quantification of ion migration in CH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PbI&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; perovskite solar cells by transient capacitance measurements</dcterms:title>
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