Daily 30-min exposure to artificial gravity during 60 days of bed rest does not maintain aerobic exercise capacity but mitigates some deteriorations of muscle function : results from the AGBRESA RCT

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Date
2021
Authors
Zange, Jochen
Sies, Wolfram
Maffiuletti, Nicola A.
Degens, Hans
Mulder, Edwin
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European Journal of Applied Physiology ; 121 (2021), 7. - pp. 2015-2026. - Springer. - ISSN 1439-6319. - eISSN 1439-6327
Abstract
Purpose
Spaceflight impairs physical capacity. Here we assessed the protective effect of artificial gravity (AG) on aerobic exercise capacity and muscle function during bed rest, a spaceflight analogue.

Methods
24 participants (33 ± 9 years, 175 ± 9 cm, 74 ± 10 kg, 8 women) were randomly allocated to one of three groups: continuous AG (cAG), intermittent AG (iAG) or control (CTRL). All participants were subjected to 60 days of six-degree head-down tilt bed rest, and subjects of the intervention groups completed 30 min of centrifugation per day: cAG continuously and iAG for 6 × 5 min, with an acceleration of 1g at the center of mass. Physical capacity was assessed before and after bed rest via maximal voluntary contractions, cycling spiroergometry, and countermovement jumps.

Results
AG had no significant effect on aerobic exercise capacity, flexor muscle function and isometric knee extension strength or rate of force development (RFD). However, AG mitigated the effects of bed rest on jumping power (group * time interaction of the rmANOVA p < 0.001; iAG − 25%, cAG − 26%, CTRL − 33%), plantar flexion strength (group * time p = 0.003; iAG − 35%, cAG − 31%, CTRL − 48%) and plantar flexion RFD (group * time p = 0.020; iAG − 28%, cAG − 12%, CTRL − 40%). Women showed more pronounced losses than men in jumping power (p < 0.001) and knee extension strength (p = 0.010).

Conclusion
The AG protocols were not suitable to maintain aerobic exercise capacity, probably due to the very low cardiorespiratory demand of this intervention. However, they mitigated some losses in muscle function, potentially due to the low-intensity muscle contractions during centrifugation used to avoid presyncope.
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Subject (DDC)
796 Sport
Keywords
Countermeasure, Astronaut training, Artificial gravity, Physical performance, Physical inactivity
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Cite This
ISO 690KRAMER, Andreas, Maria VENEGAS-CARRO, Jochen ZANGE, Wolfram SIES, Nicola A. MAFFIULETTI, Markus GRUBER, Hans DEGENS, Maria MORENO-VILLANUEVA, Edwin MULDER, 2021. Daily 30-min exposure to artificial gravity during 60 days of bed rest does not maintain aerobic exercise capacity but mitigates some deteriorations of muscle function : results from the AGBRESA RCT. In: European Journal of Applied Physiology. Springer. 121(7), pp. 2015-2026. ISSN 1439-6319. eISSN 1439-6327. Available under: doi: 10.1007/s00421-021-04673-w
BibTex
@article{Kramer2021-07Daily-53344,
  year={2021},
  doi={10.1007/s00421-021-04673-w},
  title={Daily 30-min exposure to artificial gravity during 60 days of bed rest does not maintain aerobic exercise capacity but mitigates some deteriorations of muscle function : results from the AGBRESA RCT},
  number={7},
  volume={121},
  issn={1439-6319},
  journal={European Journal of Applied Physiology},
  pages={2015--2026},
  author={Kramer, Andreas and Venegas-Carro, Maria and Zange, Jochen and Sies, Wolfram and Maffiuletti, Nicola A. and Gruber, Markus and Degens, Hans and Moreno-Villanueva, Maria and Mulder, Edwin}
}
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