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Peroxynitrite provides the peroxide tone for PGHS-2-dependent prostacyclin synthesis in vascular smooth muscle cells

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2005

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The FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 2005, 19(9), pp. 1169-1171. ISSN 0892-6638. eISSN 1530-6860. Available under: doi: 10.1096/fj.04-3465fje

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Endotoxin-treated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were recently shown to release high amounts of prostacyclin (PGI2) dependent on the induction of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 (PGHS-2). In contrast to endothelial PGI2-synthase, for which nitration and inhibition by peroxynitrite was reported, addition of SIN-1 as a peroxynitrite-generating system did not cause inhibition but rather doubled PGI2 release by VSMC. The hypothesis of peroxynitrite supplementing an unsaturated peroxide tone for PGHS-2 was supported by H2O2 exerting the same effect. Studies performed with purified PGHS-2 revealed maximal elevation of enzyme activity in the presence of equimolar concentrations of *NO and *O2-, which together form peroxynitrite, while excessive production of either one radical was inhibitory. Most importantly, 6-keto-PGF1alpha formation by intact VSMC depended on a nearly equimolar generation of *NO and *O2- for providing the endogenous peroxide tone. These findings, together with the observation that an excess of exogenously added *NO, as well as uric acid as a scavenger of peroxynitrite potently reduced PGI2 release, underlined the role of peroxynitrite as the dominating and rate-limiting intracellular mediator of peroxide tone in VSMC. The results allow us to postulate a new cross-talk between the *NO and the prostanoid pathways with a crucial role for peroxynitrite in providing the peroxide tone for a continuous activation of PGHS-2.

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570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

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ISO 690SCHILDKNECHT, Stefan, Markus BACHSCHMID, Volker ULLRICH, 2005. Peroxynitrite provides the peroxide tone for PGHS-2-dependent prostacyclin synthesis in vascular smooth muscle cells. In: The FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 2005, 19(9), pp. 1169-1171. ISSN 0892-6638. eISSN 1530-6860. Available under: doi: 10.1096/fj.04-3465fje
BibTex
@article{Schildknecht2005-07Perox-38695,
  year={2005},
  doi={10.1096/fj.04-3465fje},
  title={Peroxynitrite provides the peroxide tone for PGHS-2-dependent prostacyclin synthesis in vascular smooth muscle cells},
  number={9},
  volume={19},
  issn={0892-6638},
  journal={The FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology},
  pages={1169--1171},
  author={Schildknecht, Stefan and Bachschmid, Markus and Ullrich, Volker}
}
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    <dcterms:abstract xml:lang="eng">Endotoxin-treated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were recently shown to release high amounts of prostacyclin (PGI2) dependent on the induction of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 (PGHS-2). In contrast to endothelial PGI2-synthase, for which nitration and inhibition by peroxynitrite was reported, addition of SIN-1 as a peroxynitrite-generating system did not cause inhibition but rather doubled PGI2 release by VSMC. The hypothesis of peroxynitrite supplementing an unsaturated peroxide tone for PGHS-2 was supported by H2O2 exerting the same effect. Studies performed with purified PGHS-2 revealed maximal elevation of enzyme activity in the presence of equimolar concentrations of *NO and *O2-, which together form peroxynitrite, while excessive production of either one radical was inhibitory. Most importantly, 6-keto-PGF1alpha formation by intact VSMC depended on a nearly equimolar generation of *NO and *O2- for providing the endogenous peroxide tone. These findings, together with the observation that an excess of exogenously added *NO, as well as uric acid as a scavenger of peroxynitrite potently reduced PGI2 release, underlined the role of peroxynitrite as the dominating and rate-limiting intracellular mediator of peroxide tone in VSMC. The results allow us to postulate a new cross-talk between the *NO and the prostanoid pathways with a crucial role for peroxynitrite in providing the peroxide tone for a continuous activation of PGHS-2.</dcterms:abstract>
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