Thermographiemessungen an Solarzellen

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2003
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Käs, Martin
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Thermographic measurements on solar cells
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Diploma thesis
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Abstract
The primary part of this work is the localisation of short circuits in solar cells with the help of an infrared camera. Short circuits in solar cells worse their efficiency so its detection maybe useful to improve cell concepts as well as processing parameters.
Thermal resolutions of suitable infrared cameras are about 20 to 100 mK. For detection of weaker heat losses in the range of 10 to 20 µK the sensivity is improved by using the lock-in technique.

The established lock-in thermography induces the current flow at the short circuits by applying an external current source via the existing electrical connectors of the solar cell. The metallization of the solar cells is one of the last steps in its fabrication. Therefore this measuring method is restricted to readily processed solar cells.
In this work this method was improved by the new developed LimoLIT (Light modulated Lock-In Thermography). Here the p/n-junction of the semiconductor is used to seperate electron/hole-pairs generated by incident light. Metal connectors are no longer neccesary. This gives the option to do measurements in early processing stages cause the definition of the p/n-junction is one of the first steps in processing solar cells.
Studies of both measurement techniques on selected solar cells are presented especially a process monitoring enabled by LimoLIT. Although both techniques are compared with each other.
Summary in another language
Diese Diplomarbeit beschäftigt sich hauptsächlich mit der Lokalisierung von Kurzschlüssen in Solarzellen mit Hilfe einer Infrarot-Kamera. Kurzschlüsse verschlechtern Zellwirkungsgrade, deren Detektion kann dabei hilfreich sein, um Zellkonzepte sowie Prozessparameter zu optimieren.
Thermische Auflösungen von erhältlichen Infrarot-Kameras liegen etwa im Bereich von 20-100 mK. Um auch schwache Leistungsverluste mit resultierenden Erwärmungen bis zu 10-20 µK messen zu können, wird die Messempfindlichkeit durch Anwendung der Lock-In Technik verbessert.

Die Lock-In Thermographie als etabliertes Verfahren prägt hierbei der metallisierten Solarzelle über die Kontakte an Basis und Emitter der Solarzelle einen elektrischen Strom auf. In der Prozessierung einer Solarzelle findet ihre Metallisierung meist erst am Ende statt. Somit ist diese Messmethode im Wesentlichen auf fertige Solarzellen anwendbar.
Daher wurde in dieser Diplomarbeit ein neues Messverfahren entwickelt, die LimoLIT (Light modulated Lock-In Thermography). Ein Strom wird nicht mehr länger über äußere Kontakte aufgeprägt, sondern intern induziert, durch die Ladungstrennung am p/n-Übergang von durch Lichteinfall generierten Elektron/Loch-Paaren. Diese Messmethode ergibt nun die Möglichkeit von Messungen im frühen Zellprozess, da die hierfür nötige p/n-Definition meist als einer der ersten Prozessschritte stattfindet.
Studien beider Messmethoden an ausgewählten Solarzellen werden vorgestellt, insbesondere ein erst durch LimoLIT ermöglichtes Prozessmonitoring, sowie ein Gegenüberstellung der beiden Methoden.
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530 Physics
Keywords
LimoLIT,Shunts,Leistungsverluste,Shunts
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Cite This
ISO 690KÄS, Martin, 2003. Thermographiemessungen an Solarzellen [Master thesis]
BibTex
@mastersthesis{Kas2003Therm-9394,
  year={2003},
  title={Thermographiemessungen an Solarzellen},
  author={Käs, Martin}
}
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