Rules that Matter: Political Institutions and the Polarization-Conflict Nexus

Schneider, Gerald; Wiesehomeier, Nina

Rules that Matter: Political Institutions and the Polarization-Conflict Nexus

Dateien

rulesthatmatter_pageproofs.pdfGröße: 214.53 KBDownloads: 987

Datum

2008

Autor:innen

Schneider, Gerald

Wiesehomeier, Nina

Publikationstyp

Zeitschriftenartikel

unikn.publication.listelement.citation.prefix.version.undefined

Journal of Peace Research. 2008, 45(2), pp. 183-203. ISSN 0022-3433. eISSN 1460-3578. Available under: doi: 10.1177/0022343307087176

Zusammenfassung

One controversy in the study of civil war relates to the role that institutions play in ethnically diverse societies. 'Constitutional engineers' advance various institutional arrangements, ranging from democracy in general to specific constitutional and electoral rules as those mechanisms that help divided societies to resolve disputes peacefully. Political sociologists, by contrast, maintain that political institutions are largely an epiphenomenon. Synthesizing the two conflicting schools of thought, the authors examine how different institutions in conjunction with three forms of ethnic diversity fractionalization, dominance and polarization affect the risk of civil war. It is argued that groups perceive institutions as a constraint and that they consider the usage of political violence if they cannot achieve their goals peacefully. The examination of these conditional institutionalist hypotheses for the period between 1950 and 2000 shows in accordance with recent theoretical work that fractionalization can indeed be linked to low-intensity civil wars and that this effect is particularly strong in democracies in comparison to autocracies. Interacting the measures of diversity with different democratic institutions, the authors confirm that rules that encourage power-sharing lower the risk of war in diverse societies. The event history models moreover show that the combination of fractionalization and majoritarian voting forebodes badly for the internal stability of a state. Within the set of democratic regimes studied in this article, presidential systems are the most war-prone institutional setting.

Fachgebiet (DDC)

320 Politik

Schlagwörter

Diversität, Fraktionalisierung, Polarisierung, Political institutions, fractionalization, polarization, duration models

Zitieren

ISO 690

SCHNEIDER, Gerald, Nina WIESEHOMEIER, 2008. Rules that Matter: Political Institutions and the Polarization-Conflict Nexus. In: Journal of Peace Research. 2008, 45(2), pp. 183-203. ISSN 0022-3433. eISSN 1460-3578. Available under: doi: 10.1177/0022343307087176

BibTex

@article{Schneider2008Rules-3965,
  year={2008},
  doi={10.1177/0022343307087176},
  title={Rules that Matter: Political Institutions and the Polarization-Conflict Nexus},
  number={2},
  volume={45},
  issn={0022-3433},
  journal={Journal of Peace Research},
  pages={183--203},
  author={Schneider, Gerald and Wiesehomeier, Nina}
}

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